Database Info

Android Command Line Tools

Hi all, here is a package of command line tools I've put together, here's the readme with a few of the tools listed.
Android Command Line Tools
This Is Working Prefectly On Samsung Galaxy S3 'GT-I9305'
Your Phone Should Be Rooted To Perform These Steps!!!
Installation:
1. Copy The android-tools.zip To Your SD Card (Internal Or External) And Extract It
You Should Now Have A Directory Called 'android-tools'.
2. Open A Terminal On Your Phone And Type The Following
su
mkdir /data/tmp
cat /sdcard/android-tools/busybox > /data/tmp/busybox
cat /sdcard/android-tools/busybox-installer > /data/tmp/busybox-installer
cat /sdcard/android-tools/pkgs.tar > /data/tmp/pkgs.tar
cat /sdcard/android-tools/install.sh > /data/tmp/install.sh
cd /data/tmp
chmod 755 *
./install.sh
3. In Android Terminal Emulator Preferences, Set The Shell Path to '/system/bin/bash'
And Leave The Initial Command Blank.
4. Quit Terminal Emulator And Restart.
OpenSSH: ssh-keygen Save To '/data/local/home/root/.ssh/id_rsa'.
'ssh' And 'scp' Binaries Will Look For Keys In '/data/local/home/root/.ssh/'
So You Dont Need The '-i' Option, 'ssh-copy-id' Gets It From There Too.
Arduino:
There Is A Build Environment To Build And Upload Arduino Sketches With A Script Called 'arduino' To Wrap It Up
Type 'arduino --help' In Terminal To See Its Options, It Uses The Arduino-1.0 Core Library And I have Tested
Every Board And Can Confirm It Builds For All Boards Including 'micro' And 'leonardo'. It Uses 'avrdude'
'avr-libc-1.6.7' 'gcc-avr-4.5.1', I Wrote A 'arduino.nanorc' File For Writing Sketches Which Has All The
Functions And Constants Of The Arduino Core Library With The Same Colours As In The IDE.
Other Tools:
Some Other Binaries I Have Added Or Modified Are 'tar' With All Options Enabled, 'iwconfig', 'grep egrep fgrep'
With Colour And PCRE Enabled, '7zip', 'ipctool', 'shc' For Compiling Shell Scripts, 'ssh-copy-id', 'sed' With All Options
Enabled, 'macchanger', 'bootimg_baseaddr' In bash/sh, Compiled GNU 'core-utils', 'ncurses-hexedit', 'nmap', 'ngrep', 'nano'
'strace', 'gcc', 'g++', 'unpack-bootimg' In bash, 'unrar' And 'vim'.
Backtrack 5 ARM Is Configured And Ready To Go, Just 'mkdir /sdcard/Chroot'
And Copy Your bt5.img File Into It And Type 'bootbt', Then Edit The Scripts
For VNC Server 'startvnc' And 'stopvnc' To Reflect Your Screen Size, These
Are In The pkgs.tar
Replacing '/system/etc/mkshrc' With The One Included In This Package Enables Bash As Default In ADB Shell
If The Bash Binary Is Found In '/system/bin/bash' Else The Default Shell Will Drop Back To mksh.
Nano Does Not Save Through ADB Shell Using ^O Or '^X Then y' Method, Works Fine In Terminal Emulator App On Device.
There are more tools than listed above, here's the link> https://www.dropbox.com/s/yjumfljy7e1yoyc/android-tools.zip

If you're on an custom ROM and can't use the terminal emulator when you restart terminal emulator, get /system/lib/libncurses.so from stock ROM and use adb to copy it into /system/lib on your current ROM, I will fix this tomorrow.
Sent from my GT-I9305 using xda app-developers app

Please post the right link... this one is malformed.

sciurius said:
Please post the right link... this one is malformed.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
op just updated the link, package is now ready for download again!
thank you, andreotti09!!!
greetz,
sUsH

[GUIDE][ADB] How to take a logcat

iamareebjamal said:
ADB:-
Android Debug Bridge
Very useful program made itself by Google for Programmers and developers. Its based on command line and basically communicates with your Android to respond to certain commands. There is vast amount of knowledge about adb but its most useful commands limit to getting:-
Logcat:-
A real time log of what is happening in background of our devices. It is really useful for developers to see which component has malfunctioned and helps to narrow down their search for what failed and what needs to be fixed. Several times users are asked to give logcats of their devices which are giving errors. We will go in detail that how to get logcats in every and easiest way possible.
App Installation and Management:-
adb proves really handy if you want to install apks directly from your PC or want to batch install or delete them.
Shell Execution:-
You must have heard of Terminal Emulator. It is an app for android to execute shell commands(linux commands) which are basically present as applets in /system/bin, /system/sbin or /system/xbin(in our case) folders. A very imporant applet called busybox is installed there mainly used for execution of basic commands during root browsing or ROM installation. Many times updater script of ROMs use busybox commands to install it. Well, these commands can be initiated from your device too but they can be initiated from adb also making it easy for programmers.
Pushing and Pulling:-
Most used commands of adb. adb makes it a piece of cake for new device developers to get an ideo of structure and basic knowledge of devices by pulling command. We can pull out i.e copy any files or folders from our devices to our PC, even the root directories without rooting the devices. It help rooters and ROM chefs of new devices to get an idea and implement their mods on them. Pushing is also very useful command. It copies your files and folders from PC to your device. Very useful in pushing some /system apps and other things
Remounting and setting permissions
Basic commands:-
Of-course basic commands such as rebooting and rebooting in recovery mode and download mode are supported.
Others:-
There are several other features of adb such as fastboot, aapt, etc
Setting up ADB
Pre Requirements:-
A little amount of brain
PC(This is a windows guide, if asked I will add linux and mac guide later)
Java Runtime environment or Java Developing kit
Your Device Drivers
An Android Device
USB Debugging MUST be turned ON in the device for ADB to see it & Developer options is hidden in Android 4.2 and
above, Hitting Build number 10 times in
About Phone/Tablet reveals the menu (Thanks lilHermit for reminding me to add it)
Assuming you all these ready and working properly, we continue
If you are having trouble completing Pre-Requisites, there are several guides featuring them too
Start
1. First Download Android SDK. Roughly about 70 MB
2. There may be any compressed zip file or exe file
If zip file, then extract it to C:\android-sdk
If exe file then double click on it and install it in C:\ Drive(or any other drive you want)
3. Now to get adb and other tools, you need to download 'Platform Tools'
To download them, go to the android-sdk folder and double click on SDK Manager
It will ask you which package to download? However, it is your choice which package to Download, but here, we will only talk about platform
Tools. So, simply tick on Platform Tools and click on install. Once you have done it. Go to the platform-tools folder in the directory where you installed android-sdk. You will find several files there like adb, fastboot, aapt, etc
4. Now, you can backup the whole folder of android-sdk to any external storage that will make you not download package
again if you want to. You can have it placed in any computer and run it as it does not require registry to work
5. Now, you are just one step away from using adb. Next step is SKIPPING SETTING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLE (If you however want to set environment variables. Click on Show Content)
We can easily append the sdk platform-tools and tools folder to your systems environmental path variable directly from command line(cmd) by simply issuing one command and performing a system reboot:
Code:
SETX PATH "%PATH%;[COLOR="Indigo"]SDK_Install_Path[/COLOR]\platform-tools;[COLOR="Indigo"]SDK_Install_Path[/COLOR]\android-sdk-windows\tools" -m
Just replace the "SDK_Install_Path" in the above with the proper path of your SDK installation. Example: C:\android-sdk-windows
(Thanks to WugFresh for telling me :victory
Many guides on internet say that it is to be done for making it easy for users and if you have some basic knowledge of Command Prompt,
you will know that to execute any application with command prompt, you first need to change the directory to the one where application is
placed. And to skip changing the directories every time you open CMD, you need to put that application is environment variable. Howeve, we will not do so.
6. Type cmd in the search bar. Copy cmd.exe from there. Go to the directory where you have installed android-sdk. Go to platform-tools folder. Paste cmd there, right click on it and in the settings, select Run as Administrator.
7. You are done. Now what to do in it?
ADB Commands
Type adb in command prompt. And several commands will show up on your screen. It is very difficult to analyse these all commands, so we will only talk about most used and important commands
Connect your device via USB cable
And open the CMD in platform-tools folder(Make a shortcut of it on desktop). And type the suitable commands
Code:
adb devices
Will show the list of devices attached to the PC andtheir serial numbers. If this shows up correctly on your PC, then it means that everything is fine for continuing.
Logcat
Code:
adb logcat
It will display the real time log of your device
Best time to do it is when your device boots up
Now, many users ask me how to copy the logcat and upload it from CMD
There are several methods:-
1. Right click on the Title Bar of Command Prompt. Hover the cursor over edit and select mark. Select all the things you want to copy and then click enter. All the things will be copied to clipboard.
2. This is the correct way of getting logcat saved.
Code:
adb logcat > logcat.txt
This command will create a logcat.txt document in platform-tools folder with the complete logcat of the device. Ofcourse you can type any name instead of logcat.txt
3. I prefer taking logcat this way as it neatly compiles logs of different time
Code:
adb logcat -v long > logcat.txt
This is a very nice way to get logcat.
Installing Apps
Code:
adb install %PATH OF APK%
This will install an app on your Android
For example, if my app AreeB.apk is in G:\ drive (G:\AreeB.apk)
Then I will type
Code:
adb install G:\AreeB.apk
Be sure your apk is not in a folder that has space in its name, else the command will break at space bar.
For eg:-
G:\Program Files\AreeB.apk
Note:
If you have spaces in path of apk, you can execute the command without breakage if you include the path inside quotes. (Thanks to etcman)
Eg:-
Code:
adb install "G:\Program Files\AreeB.apk"
Mounting
However, I never found any problem in tweaking with system files with adb, but some users said that they couldn't do it, so the problem was that their system partition was mounted as Read Only(R/O)
So, it is necessary now to tell how to mount system partition as Read Write(R/W)
Code:
adb remount
It is easiest way to do so, if it does not work then
There is another method that we will discuss in ADB Shell commands section
Pushing and Pulling
For pushing,
Type
Code:
adb push %PATH TO BE PUSHED% %PATH WHERE TO BE PUSHED%
Suppose I have an app named SystemUI.apk(PATH = G:\SystemUI.apk) which I want to push in /system/app/ on my android(or in other words, install an app as a system app). Then I would type
Code:
adb push G:\SystemUI.apk /system/app/
More examples
G:\Dance.txt file to be pushed in Dance folder in sdcard
Code:
adb push G:\Dance.txt /sdcard/Dance/
OR
Code:
adb push G:\Dance.txt /mnt/sdcard/Dance/
G:\Movies folder to be transferred in SDCARD in Videos Folder
Code:
adb push G:\Movies /sdcard/Videos/
G:\system\framework\framework-res.apk to be pushed in /system/framework/
Code:
adb push G:\system\framework\framework-res.apk /system/framework/
For pulling,
push command replaces with pull and paths are swapped
Code:
adb pull %PATH TO BE PULLED FROM% %PATH TO PLACE PULLED FILE%
Example,
All system apps are to be pulled to G:\ROM\system\app
Code:
adb pull /system/app G:\ROM\system\app\
build.prop to be extracted to desktop
Code:
adb pull /system/build.prop C:\Users\Areeb\Desktop\
However, if a folder is in platform-tools folder, you don't need to type full path
Suppose if I type
Code:
adb pull /system/ system
Then a folder named system will be created inside platform-tools with all the files in system in it
If a file is in platform-tools folder, then also no need to type full path
For example,
There is an app name DeskClock.apk in this folder then, to push it to /system/app, type
Code:
adb push DeskClock.apk /system/app/
ADB Shell Commands
This mode of adb allows you to execute linux shell commands from your PC
These commands can aldo be executed through the mobile using Terminal Emulator
To initiate shell mode
Type
Code:
adb shell
You will get an prompt like this
sh-3.2#
Now you are in shell mode
adb commands won't work here and a new set of commands will work here. But we will only go in a little detail here.
Assuming you are in adb shell mode, I will only type commands that will work on shell. Note:- These commands won't work if you type them alone on cmd. But, these command will directly work on your mobile's Terminal Emulator
As these commands can also work on mobile, I am going to tell you a way of taking logcat on mobile
Type
Code:
logcat
You will see log of your device
To save this
Type
Code:
logcat > /sdcard/log.txt
A file named log.txt will be generated in sdcard
Uninstalling Applications
Code:
cd /data/app
This will change the directory to /data/app
Code:
ls
This will show the list of files in there
Suppose, there is an app named com.opera.browser (Opera Mobile) you want to uninstall it
Type
Code:
rm -r com.opera.browser
This will uninstall the app
Mounting Command:-
Code:
mount -o rw,remount /dev/block/mtdblock3 /system
Miscellanous commands:-
su: Initiates root request
du: Shows file foldrs and size
date: Shows todays date
ls: Shows list of directory
cd: Changes working directory
rm: Removes the file
logcat: Displays logcat
mount: Mounts the partition
busybox: Busybox Applets
Forgot next ones, will write later
Credits
Google: For Android and several searchings
Samsung: For Galaxy Ace s5830I
paxChristos for amazing logcat guide
Broadcom: For their Open Sourceness
XDA Forums : For the precious knowledge
My Uncle: For gifting me this Phone
My Teachers: For teaching me English(I would not be here without them)
You: For future Thanks
Till now, thats it, will add some more things later
If any problem, I will add it too
Suggestion? They are welcome
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This should help the new members in appealing their problems in a deeper and better way.
Originally posted by iamareebjamal
Original thread here.

[GUIDE] Setting up ADB and fastboot on ChromeOS using Crouton

**I TAKE NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR WHATEVER HAPPENS TO YOUR CHROMEBOOK.**
Follow this guide at your own risk
First, I would like to say that I have no built anything myself. All the work shown here has been compiled from the internet.
Second, I am no expert at this kind of thing but I have tried out everything myself and this is what has worked for me with Acer C7. ADB and fastboot work without any problems on my computer.
Third, this can actually go beyond just ADB and fastboot. You can develop with minimal restraints, but I will only be covering how to install ADB and fastboot.
Finally, I would appreciate if someone familiar with all of this would tell me what I can cut out/add as this was done by a trial and error process so I’m not entirely too sure what is necessary and what is not, or if there is an easier way of going about things.
This is a guide for anyone who wants to be able to run ADB and fastboot on their chromebook. Just note that it may take a lot of memory (it took around 4-5 GB for me), so you may want to install it on an SD card.
WARNING!
In order to run crouton and install Ubuntu you will have to go into developer mode which will wipe your device.
Instructions can be found here: http://www.chromium.org/chromium-os/poking-around-your-chrome-os-device
You can work with virtual terminal 2 or crosh shell. I recommend using a crosh shell because it’d be easier to look back here for info.
Files you’ll need (Choose according to 32 or 64 bit)
Crouton- http://goo.gl/fd3zc (Official site: https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton)
Android SDK- http://dl.google.com/android/adt/adt-bundle-linux-x86-20131030.zip OR http://dl.google.com/android/adt/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20131030.zip (Official Site: https://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html?hl=sk )
JDK- http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u51-b13/jdk-7u51-linux-i586.tar.gz or http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u51-b13/jdk-7u51-linux-x64.tar.gz
I will not go over the actual installation of crouton as that can be found here: https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton
I used precise and xfce:
Code:
-e ~/Downloads/crouton -t xfce
Okay now that you have crouton installed and running, let’s get to work. First comes the installation of JDK. Download the version of JDK for your bit version and extract it. Go over to Ubuntu (using the command:
Code:
sudo startxfce4
) and using terminal emulator move it over to /usr/lib/jvm with the code
Code:
sudo mv jdk1.7.0_51 /usr/lib/jvm/
Using the file manager go to /home/<USERNAME> and open the .bashrc file using gedit text editor and add this code at the end, DO NOT OVERWRITE ANYTHING
Code:
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_51/bin
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_51
Wit that, you are done with installing JDK.
Moving onto the actual Android SDK, first download it.
Extract it and move the SDK into /local/usr
Assuming that the file is in your Downloads directory, use the commands:
Code:
sudo mv adt-bundle-linux-x86-20130219 /usr/local/
Next you’ll make a symlink to make typing commands easier:
Code:
sudo ln -s /usr/local/adt-bundle-linux-x86-20130219/ /usr/local/adt
Then go back to the bashrc file and add this code at the end once again, DO NOT OVERWRITE ANYTHING:
Code:
PATH=/usr/local/adt/sdk/platform-tools:/usr/local/adt/sdk/tools:/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_15/bin:/usr/local/gradle-1.4/bin:$PATH
ANDROID_HOME=/usr/local/adt/sdk
Save and close the file, and run the command “. ~/.profile” in terminal.
Run the code and answer with y:
Code:
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-standard
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install synaptic
sudo apt-get install ia32-libs
sudo apt-get update
This might take some time and when that finishes type in
android
If you get permission denied run the command:
Code:
chmod u+x android
This should launch the Android SDK Manager. Check the tools section and install. When this is done, you should have ADB up and running.
Check using the command:
Code:
adb version
or just by typing adb
if you get list of commands you can run, congratulations ADB has been installed successfully!
Now check fastboot by typing fastboot. Once again if you get a list of commands for fastboot, congratulations you're done!
You now have ADB and fastboot on your Chromebook!
You can PM me and I will try to help if you have questions, or reply to this post.
Enjoy! :good:

Excellent post. One quick question however. When I attempt to install ia32-libs I get this:
Code:
Package ia32-libs is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
However the following packages replace it:
lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 lib32bz2-1.0
E: Package 'ia32-libs' has no installation candidate
My question is: Should I install all 3 replacement packages (lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 lib32bz2-1.0)? One of them?
This dude here says I can repackage it manually. Should I do that?
You rock for taking the time to post this!
Tanks so much!

I would install everything as it is replacement
This guide is a bit long and tedious so if you want here is an installer made by HeadFox that worked for me on Trusty Unity.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2431956
cheers!

when i get to entering ~/.profile, I get a permission denied message. the only thing different that I know I did was use the android SDk from the Android studio currently available and not the zip you provided a link to and obviouslyh change the file paths accordingly. any thoughts

08BajaBoy said:
when i get to entering ~/.profile, I get a permission denied message. the only thing different that I know I did was use the android SDk from the Android studio currently available and not the zip you provided a link to and obviouslyh change the file paths accordingly. any thoughts
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You basically want to run .profile again, which is run once you spawn your linux chroot/crouton. I think the easiest way is to just logout of your linux session and then run crouton again.
Yeah, that's sorta like a "just reboot it" fix but not actually a full reboot.

vanillaflavor said:
**I TAKE NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR WHATEVER HAPPENS TO YOUR CHROMEBOOK.**
Follow this guide at your own risk
First, I would like to say that I have no built anything myself. All the work shown here has been compiled from the internet.
Second, I am no expert at this kind of thing but I have tried out everything myself and this is what has worked for me with Acer C7. ADB and fastboot work without any problems on my computer.
Third, this can actually go beyond just ADB and fastboot. You can develop with minimal restraints, but I will only be covering how to install ADB and fastboot.
Finally, I would appreciate if someone familiar with all of this would tell me what I can cut out/add as this was done by a trial and error process so I’m not entirely too sure what is necessary and what is not, or if there is an easier way of going about things.
This is a guide for anyone who wants to be able to run ADB and fastboot on their chromebook. Just note that it may take a lot of memory (it took around 4-5 GB for me), so you may want to install it on an SD card.
WARNING!
In order to run crouton and install Ubuntu you will have to go into developer mode which will wipe your device.
Instructions can be found here: http://www.chromium.org/chromium-os/poking-around-your-chrome-os-device
You can work with virtual terminal 2 or crosh shell. I recommend using a crosh shell because it’d be easier to look back here for info.
Files you’ll need (Choose according to 32 or 64 bit)
Crouton- http://goo.gl/fd3zc (Official site: https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton)
Android SDK- http://dl.google.com/android/adt/adt-bundle-linux-x86-20131030.zip OR http://dl.google.com/android/adt/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20131030.zip (Official Site: https://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html?hl=sk )
JDK- http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u51-b13/jdk-7u51-linux-i586.tar.gz or http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u51-b13/jdk-7u51-linux-x64.tar.gz
I will not go over the actual installation of crouton as that can be found here: https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton
I used precise and xfce:
Code:
-e ~/Downloads/crouton -t xfce
Okay now that you have crouton installed and running, let’s get to work. First comes the installation of JDK. Download the version of JDK for your bit version and extract it. Go over to Ubuntu (using the command:
Code:
sudo startxfce4
) and using terminal emulator move it over to /usr/lib/jvm with the code
Code:
sudo mv jdk1.7.0_51 /usr/lib/jvm/
Using the file manager go to /home/<USERNAME> and open the .bashrc file using gedit text editor and add this code at the end, DO NOT OVERWRITE ANYTHING
Code:
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_51/bin
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_51
Wit that, you are done with installing JDK.
Moving onto the actual Android SDK, first download it.
Extract it and move the SDK into /local/usr
Assuming that the file is in your Downloads directory, use the commands:
Code:
sudo mv adt-bundle-linux-x86-20130219 /usr/local/
Next you’ll make a symlink to make typing commands easier:
Code:
sudo ln -s /usr/local/adt-bundle-linux-x86-20130219/ /usr/local/adt
Then go back to the bashrc file and add this code at the end once again, DO NOT OVERWRITE ANYTHING:
Code:
PATH=/usr/local/adt/sdk/platform-tools:/usr/local/adt/sdk/tools:/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_15/bin:/usr/local/gradle-1.4/bin:$PATH
ANDROID_HOME=/usr/local/adt/sdk
Save and close the file, and run the command “. ~/.profile” in terminal.
Run the code and answer with y:
Code:
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-standard
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install synaptic
sudo apt-get install ia32-libs
sudo apt-get update
This might take some time and when that finishes type in
android
If you get permission denied run the command:
Code:
chmod u+x android
This should launch the Android SDK Manager. Check the tools section and install. When this is done, you should have ADB up and running.
Check using the command:
Code:
adb version
or just by typing adb
if you get list of commands you can run, congratulations ADB has been installed successfully!
Now check fastboot by typing fastboot. Once again if you get a list of commands for fastboot, congratulations you're done!
You now have ADB and fastboot on your Chromebook!
You can PM me and I will try to help if you have questions, or reply to this post.
Enjoy! :good:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Welldone mate!!

[GUIDE]Cross Compiling C/C++ for ARM on Linux

I wrote this guide to make it easy for everyone to be able to cross compile c/c++ for android, the easy way that I know. I admit, I am a total n00b to c/c++. I started learning to cross compile when I got my new nexus 9 for christmas. I, for some reason, couldnt get busybox installed on it. So, I had to manually compile and load it on there. After reading a hundred tutorials and none of them working, I got frustrated. Finally, I compiled a working version. And it was SO EASY. Anyway, Im specifically giving instructions for Ubuntu 14.04/14.10. First thing you need to do is download a package called binutils-arm-linux-gnueabi.
- sudo apt-get install binutils-arm-linux-gnueabi
- sudo apt-get install binutils-aarch64-linux-gnu (for aarch64, or arm 64bit, or armv8)
- sudo apt-get install binutils-arm-linux-gnueabihf (for armhf)
To compile busybox for your platform, you must download the source package you want to compile from http://busybox.net/downloads/. Then extract it
- tar xvf busybox.tar.gz
Then, cd into your root busybox folder.
- export ARCH=arm
- export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- (dont forget the trailing dash(-))
This will setup your variables for compilation. Then
- make menuconfig (if you dont get a config menu, you need to "sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev")
Now, go into the busybox settings -> Build options. Select the option "build busybox as static executable". You can select/deselect options by hitting the space bar. [ESC] key will take you back. Make sure to save your new configuration. Its almost time to compile! One last thing. If you want to add your name to it, go into the Makefile in the root busybox folder. At the top of the file, where it says EXTRAVERSION = .git, you can add something like -bynarie or whatever you want. That way when you run busybox on the terminal emulator on android, it will print out something like "BusyBox v1.24.0-bynarie". OK! Time to compile. Really simple:
- make install
This will compile every applet, and put everything in a folder called _Install. You will have busybox and busybox_unstripped in the root directory. Please, be aware that this busybox puts an applet named "su" in the bin folder in the _install folder. So, DO NOT COPY THE SU APPLET INTO YOUR ANDROID BIN FOLDER, OR YOU WILL LOSE ROOT!!! Now, to verify it compiled to the right architecture, do "file busybox" at the term and it should spit out something like "ELF 32bit ARM executable". If this is the case, congrats. We have successfully compiled busybox for android arm!! Copy the needed files over to your device and set permissions and you are done. The suggested way to move the busybox binary to your device is as follows:
- adb push busybox /data/local/tmp/busybox
- open adb shell and do "chmod 755 /data/local/tmp/busybox" or chmod it on your linux box before pushing.
- open file manager on device and move busybox to /system/xbin
- If properly done, should work.
For other nix programs like tar, the procedure is as follows:
- Open term, cd into root source folder
- ./configure CC="arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc" CPP="arm-linux-gnueabi-cpp" --host=arm-linux-gnueabi
- make
The CC variable is your C compiler command and the CPP variable is the C preprocessor, if you need to add a C++ compiler just add CXX="arm-linux-gnueabi-g++" but TAR is specifically C only. You can add all three variables I would assume to be safe. Most of the time, the readme or install documents will give you some guidance on cross compiling. But, this is how I successfully compiled TAR for arm and aarch64.
If you want to compile small/single source file c/c++, you will be using the same tools, but in a different way. Cd into your source file directory, and depending on which type of source it is (c or cpp), you will do the following:
- arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc helloWorld.c -static -o helloworld.out (for C)
- arm-linux-gnueabi-g++ helloWorld.cpp -static -o helloworld.out (C++)
Yep, its that easy. I cant guarantee 100% this will work on everything, but its a good starting point. And you dont even have to fool with the Android NDK. I find that the android ndk would mostly benefit "Apps" that need to integrate c/c++ code into them, not little console apps run from the terminal emulator. I hope someone finds this guide useful and if anyone has any problems trying to get somethin to work, you can respond and I will do my best to help.

thanks

Guide: Compile /system/bin binaries for your device from AOSP source code

Now tested up to downloading AOSP and make toolbox you should be all set
Please give thanks to this thread: https://forum.xda-developers.com/newreply.php?do=newreply&p=43622764
Warning: I hacked my way through this stuff a few weeks ago I am not an expert!
How to compile Android Open Source Code modules​
I don't compile C code on Windows machines I have no idea about that.
Notice
This guide is a quick and dirty how to make a module. It will not cover finalizing setting up the source codes for your device. It is only my goal to enable you to compile binaries such as grep, toolbox, dumpstate, dalvikvm, jack and etc.
===>] Setup Ubuntu 64bit [<===​Unplug that Windows drive, plug in a fresh hard drive and install Ubuntu latest/greatest. Ignore the recommendation to downgrade gnu make!, for now.
Open a terminal and issue these commands (warning ppa repository for OpenJDK 7 is said to have a security issue?, isn't being updated?.. whatevs it works)
Code:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:openjdk-r/ppa
sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk
sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk
sudo apt-get install libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386 lib32z1 libbz2-1.0:i386
sudo apt-get install git ccache automake lzop bison gperf build-essential zip curl zlib1g-dev zlib1g-dev:i386 g++-multilib python-networkx libxml2-utils bzip2 libbz2-dev libbz2-1.0 libghc-bzlib-dev squashfs-tools pngcrush schedtool dpkg-dev liblz4-tool make optipng
(choose Java 1.7 in the following way)
Code:
sudo update-alternatives --config java
(let me know if I missed anything please)
"Tried the Android SDK only it is missing too many things we need as a developer"
===>] Setup Android Studio SDK & NDK [<===​Installation Paths:
*** I install to /home/username/Android and /home/username/Android/Sdk and /home/username/Android/Sdk/ndk-bundle ***
NOTE: from here forward username will == droidvoider
Note: Android Studio IDE isn't necessary only the SDK & NDK are needed to compile AOSP.
Install Android Studio Proper: (don't worry about setting up paths we will cover that, just install it)
https://developer.android.com/studio/install.html
or
SDK Only:
Typically we install these things manually by creating the directory then just unzipping the files there.
https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html#linux-bundle (scroll down for sdk only)
Code:
mkdir /home/droidvoider/Android
mkdir /home/droidvoider/Android/Sdk
(then unzip the sdk zip to that directory. I recommend the file explorer copy/paste right click uncompress and done.)
https://dl.google.com/android/repository/tools_r25.2.3-linux.zip
Install NDK through the SDK Manger:
(from terminal 'studio.sh' and then configure, and then sdk manger --- if this is hard to figure out tell me I will elaborate)
or
Manually Install Native Development Kit -- 'c programming support'
Download the Native Development Kit from Google: https://developer.android.com/ndk/downloads/index.html
Code:
mkdir /home/droidvoider/Android/Sdk/ndk-bundle
Then just unzip the ndk files into the directory we created above.
===>] Setup your toolchain [<===​** This example is arm64-v8a aarch64 **
1. Navigate to /home/droidvoider/Android/Sdk/ndk-bundle/build/tools and then open a terminal "right click open area"
2. mkdir /home/droidvoider/toolchains
3. ./make_standalone_toolchain.py --arch arm64 --api 23 --stl=libc++ --install-dir /home/mm/toolchains/aarch64-linux-android-4.9
4. cd /home/droidvoider
5. gedit .bashrc and morph this in at the bottom.. (AND edit or replace the existing PATH variable)
DON'T just PASTE IN *my* $PATH export!! I included my entire path statements to show you.
Code:
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/android-studio/bin:/home/droidvoider/Android/Sdk/platform-tools:/home/droidvoider/Android/Sdk/ndk-bundle:/home/droidvoider/Android/Sdk/tools
I feel this is human readable, for example change Android_Build_Out to be on your desktop instead if you want.
Code:
export PATH=$PATH:/home/droidvoider/toolchains/aarch64-linux-android-4.9
export NDK=/home/droidvoider/Android/Sdk/ndk-bundle
export SYSROOT=$NDK/platforms/android-23/arch-arm64
export TARGET=aarch64-linux-android
export HOST=$TARGET
export BUILD=x86_64-linux
export ANDROID_NDK_BIN=/home/droidvoider/toolchains/aarch64-linux-android-4.9/bin
export CC=$ANDROID_NDK_BIN/aarch64-linux-android-gcc-4.9
export CPP=$ANDROID_NDK_BIN/aarch64-linux-android-g++
export AR=$ANDROID_NDK_BIN/aarch64-linux-android-ar
export OUT_DIR_COMMON_BASE=/home/droidvoider/Android_Build_Out
Note: You might want to setup an alternate toolchain also but this is all of the puzzle pieces.
===>] Google's version of this How To -- Just for reference [<===​https://source.android.com/source/requirements.html
https://source.android.com/source/initializing.html
===>] Install the repo tool [<===​https://source.android.com/source/downloading.html
(don't type repo init or repo sync --- I will be taking back over from there on the next page)
Added Repair Notes -- Not part of the install!
Have you accidentally installed or removed something you shouldn't have? (welcome to development, here try this before reinstall)
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg -a --configure
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg -a --configure

Selecting the correct AOSP branch and downloading it.
Tested up to downloading AOSP and make toolbox -- you should be all set
===>] Match your build number to it's AOSP sources [<===​preface: You can get this from your device if you're on the same build id as your the available source code from your vendor for your device. Otherwise you need to open the AP file from the firmware that matches those available sources to extract the system.img, to extract build.prop. I explain how to open a system.img file below under retrieving your hardware drivers. build.prop is in the main directory of system.img
(Many times the build number is the same. For me I believe all of MM builds are using this number.)
Assumes sources match current device, worked out true in my case
1. Plug in your device and get it connected. (DEVELOPER OPTIONS|USB DEBUGGING) and select allow on device
2. Retrieve the build number that matches the available sources for your device.
From your ubuntu terminal retrieve the build id using this command:
Code:
adb shell getprop | grep 'ro.build.id'
Yields something similar to this: [ro.build.id]: [MMB29K]
3. Match it up to the Nexus build numbers (This info is for AT&T Note 5 Marshmallow MMB29K, get your specific build number!)
https://source.android.com/source/build-numbers.html#source-code-tags-and-builds
MMB29K android-6.0.1_r1 Marshmallow Nexus 5, Nexus 5X, Nexus 6, Nexus 7 (flo/deb), Nexus 9 (volantis/volantisg)
===>] Bring down a specific AOSP source branch [<===​
4. Make a directory for the source code.
Code:
mkdir /home/droidvoider/Desktop/AOSP_Android_6.01_r1
5.
Code:
cd /home/droidvoider/Desktop/AOSP_Android_6.01_r1
6. Bring down the sources, this one is approximately 13 gigabytes
Code:
repo init --depth=1 -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-6.0.1_r1
repo sync
===>] I'm not sure the rest of this is needed [<===​For compiling toolbox the remainder wasn't needed.. But I have a large list of things to do so I can't test each item. If you can't compile a specific module continue reading.
===>] Merge Vendor sources & AOSP sources [<===​
7. Download the available sources for your device. In this example I downloaded PE6 Marshmallow sources for AT&T Note 5:
http://opensource.samsung.com/reception/receptionSub.do?method=sub&sub=F&searchValue=SM-N920A
8. Read the readme file from the sources platform zip to understand how to merge them into the AOSP sources. For the 2 Samsungs I've worked with the idea is to replace any directory that already exists. But if there is just one file such as core.mk only replace the one file. Then edit the .mk files as described in your readme. (and/or take info from cyanogen/lineagos) -- <I can help more, ask>
note: you probably don't need to take the configs from LineageOS and put them into your .mk files. However, if you do need to get more configs then you should get a big fat message when you type make 'modulename'. At first only edit .mk files as described by vendor device source readme file.
===>] Merge in Hardware drivers and etc [<===​possibly unnecessary depends what you're doing
9. Obtain a copy of the firmware for your device that matches the version of the source code you are able to download from your vendor.
for me that was Build Number: MMB29K.N920AUCU2BPE6 but your mileage will almost certainly vary!
10. Download https://github.com/anestisb/android-simg2img
11. Unzip it right in your download folder, open the folder and then 'open in terminal'
12. Make it and then move it a directory in your path. Warning: My command puts in in the Ubuntu default /bin folder.
Code:
make
sudo mv append2simg img2simg simg2img simg2simg simg_dump.py /bin
13. Uncompress the AP file from the matching firmware and extract the system.img into it's own directory
then select that folder, right click, open in terminal
Code:
simg2img system.img sys.raw
mkdir sys
sudo mount -t ext4 -o loop sys.raw sys/
14. A drive mounted, look on your task bar it should've wiggled too. Copy the etc and vendor folders into the main folder of the sources we are merging

===>] Listing and building modules [<===​Navigate to the folder where you download the sources "/home/droidvoider/Desktop/AOSP_Android_6.01_r1" and open in terminal.
Code:
make modules -- list the available modules
make <module name> -- builds a specific module
example: make dumpstate
description: Will build everything needed for dumpstate and place it in the folder we specified in our export (above step). The final build line will read install and detail the final output folder
Example successful output:
[CODE]
Install: /home/droidvoider/Android_Build_Out/Android_6.01_r1/target/product/generic/system/bin/dumpstate
===>] Android Build System, basic intro [<===​Notice: I built this how to to answer the same question from 3 people regarding working with toolbox and the dirtycow exploit. So I decided to give a direct example of using toolbox.c from farm-root
#ifdef
Our makefile is Android.mk and that's where we link things together. If you look at the Android.mk file for farm-root you will notice bridge.c is used 3 different times called different 'module' names. bridge_pull, bridge_push, bridge_pull_boot. Each of these will be binaries of those names.
Inside bridge.c you will see #ifdef FARM_PULL and then you will see #else and further you will see #endif which you may have noticed matches inside the Android.mk file for the bridge modules -DFARM_PULL -DFARM_BOOT <== Notice the double define on bridge_pull_boot
toolbox.c
toolbox.c is going to be the same way. You will need to copy shared.h and shared.c into the directory where toolbox.c resides. Then edit the Android.mk, in our example:
1. Navigate to this directory and open: system/core/toolbox/Android.mk
2. CTRL + F and search for "LOCAL_MODULE := toolbox"
3. Add: LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DFARM_PULL -DFARM_BOOT (in this example add one, both or even new ones you created)
4. Navigate to the main directory of the sources, you should see a Makefile and a build_64bit.sh
5. from terminal: make toolbox
Note: I think from here you can Google it out in a few minutes if that is not the case please let me know.

Working with C cross platform​Ubuntu is Linux based just like Android and this makes testing blocks of code extremely easy. You of course can't use Android headers and in some rare cases you can't test the code on Ubuntu at all but in most cases you can. When I want to design something for Android I open gedit and save it as a .c file. Then I compile it using gcc -o mycode mycode.c There's plenty of examples on using gcc with linux but just understand you can do it all. Then before too much work test it on Android. (helpful commands at end of post)
My advice really is to build out your small blocks of code on your linux box but then paste them into your Android program folder, edit your Android.mk, add it to your Makefile including your 'push' section so that you can simply type make push to test it.
I am in fact trying to encourage you to learn C and not so much trying to encourage you to hack things. But I know that interest/passion is what teaches, not my words and not someone else's curriculum. So in that spirit I will do my best to give examples to help you with 'whatever' it is you are passionate about. Let me know what's missing.
Don't forget to compile for Android first
Before you can test your code you will have compiled it using the cross compiler for Android. ndk-build, or the correct gcc cross compiler. (Personally I put the .c file into a directory with Android.mk and a Makefile then just type make to build it to Android)
see examples section I will add a couple examples.
Android Developer Bridge -- a developers tool
adb is included with the Android SDK along with some other tools. Some of those tools are fastboot for unlocking bootloaders and another way of flashing. There is monitor which is a cool tool for remotely viewing processes, logcat, memory dumps and etc.
But pointedly what we will use the most is simply adb.
Using adb to test your code on locked down Android systems
Shell has fairly high privileges, you may not be aware but you can execute binaries and bash scripts. We use /data/local/tmp/ for these things. You can create a directory, add or remove files, execute your binaries and even execute shell scripts using sh script.sh
ndk-build places the binary in libs/(arch type) .. For a quick test you can just open a terminal in that directory then:
Code:
adb push mybinary /data/local/tmp/
adb shell
cd data/local/tmp
chmod 777 mybinary
./mybinary

Added:
Examples of basic make files for Android.
happy coding
If you get an error​Please reissue the command but pipe the output to a file.
make toolbox > /home/droidvoider/Desktop/build_toolbox-output.txt
zip that up with your source code, including your customized header files and attach it to this thread.
puzzles are fun but I like all the pieces

droidvoider said:
Tested up to downloading AOSP and make toolbox -- you should be all set
===>] Match your build number to it's AOSP sources [<===​preface: You can get this from your device if you're on the same build id as your the available source code from your vendor for your device. Otherwise you need to open the AP file from the firmware that matches those available sources to extract the system.img, to extract build.prop. I explain how to open a system.img file below under retrieving your hardware drivers. build.prop is in the main directory of system.img
(Many times the build number is the same. For me I believe all of MM builds are using this number.)
Assumes sources match current device, worked out true in my case
1. Plug in your device and get it connected. (DEVELOPER OPTIONS|USB DEBUGGING) and select allow on device
2. Retrieve the build number that matches the available sources for your device.
From your ubuntu terminal retrieve the build id using this command:
Code:
adb shell getprop | grep 'ro.build.id'
Yields something similar to this: [ro.build.id]: [MMB29K]
3. Match it up to the Nexus build numbers (This info is for AT&T Note 5 Marshmallow MMB29K, get your specific build number!)
https://source.android.com/source/build-numbers.html#source-code-tags-and-builds
MMB29K android-6.0.1_r1 Marshmallow Nexus 5, Nexus 5X, Nexus 6, Nexus 7 (flo/deb), Nexus 9 (volantis/volantisg)
===>] Bring down a specific AOSP source branch [<===​
4. Make a directory for the source code.
Code:
mkdir /home/droidvoider/Desktop/AOSP_Android_6.01_r1
5.
Code:
cd /home/droidvoider/Desktop/AOSP_Android_6.01_r1
6. Bring down the sources, this one is approximately 13 gigabytes
Code:
repo init --depth=1 -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-6.0.1_r1
repo sync
===>] I'm not sure the rest of this is needed [<===​For compiling toolbox the remainder wasn't needed.. But I have a large list of things to do so I can't test each item. If you can't compile a specific module continue reading.
===>] Merge Vendor sources & AOSP sources [<===​
7. Download the available sources for your device. In this example I downloaded PE6 Marshmallow sources for AT&T Note 5:
http://opensource.samsung.com/reception/receptionSub.do?method=sub&sub=F&searchValue=SM-N920A
8. Read the readme file from the sources platform zip to understand how to merge them into the AOSP sources. For the 2 Samsungs I've worked with the idea is to replace any directory that already exists. But if there is just one file such as core.mk only replace the one file. Then edit the .mk files as described in your readme. (and/or take info from cyanogen/lineagos) -- <I can help more, ask>
note: you probably don't need to take the configs from LineageOS and put them into your .mk files. However, if you do need to get more configs then you should get a big fat message when you type make 'modulename'. At first only edit .mk files as described by vendor device source readme file.
===>] Merge in Hardware drivers and etc [<===​possibly unnecessary depends what you're doing
9. Obtain a copy of the firmware for your device that matches the version of the source code you are able to download from your vendor.
for me that was Build Number: MMB29K.N920AUCU2BPE6 but your mileage will almost certainly vary!
10. Download https://github.com/anestisb/android-simg2img
11. Unzip it right in your download folder, open the folder and then 'open in terminal'
12. Make it and then move it a directory in your path. Warning: My command puts in in the Ubuntu default /bin folder.
Code:
make
sudo mv append2simg img2simg simg2img simg2simg simg_dump.py /bin
13. Uncompress the AP file from the matching firmware and extract the system.img into it's own directory
then select that folder, right click, open in terminal
Code:
simg2img system.img sys.raw
mkdir sys
sudo mount -t ext4 -o loop sys.raw sys/
14. A drive mounted, look on your task bar it should've wiggled too. Copy the etc and vendor folders into the main folder of the sources we are merging
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
And where is exactly the main folder? Sorry, Im just confused

DigitalDoraemon said:
And where is exactly the main folder? Sorry, Im just confused
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
it's no problem this stuff isn't easy to just figure out on your own. remember to substitute droidvoider for your ubuntu user name
In this example my sources are on my desktop in a folder named Android_6.01_r1
Sources for toolbox for example:
/home/droidvoider/Desktop/Android_6.01_r1/system/core/toolbox/<sources will be here including Android.mk>
Script for modules, including toolbox
/home/droidvoider/Desktop/Android_6.01_r1/Makefile <--- this is our modules script, if you will
<open a terminal in the above folder then use that Makefile like so>
make toolbox <---- this will compile only what is needed to compile the module 'toolbox' (this takes a minute)
Out export folder we decided in ./home/droidvoider/bashrc
/home/droidvoider/Android_Build_Out/Android_6.01_r1/target/product/generic/system/bin

Anybody, please compile grep utility for arm and x86... Minimum Platform Version Android 4.0.3, API Level - 15
Thanks

Great & useful .