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Found an easy way to install Debian, resize the debian.img, and run a desktop on your rooted G1!
1. Installing Debain - has an installer.
For step 6. Do this instead:
Code:
# su
# ./installer.sh
OR
# su ./installer.sh
2. Resize debain.img
3. Installing Desktop
For those who run into problems or errors while installing/downloading tightvncserver and/or LXDE follow these modifications:
1. type:
Code:
cd /etc/apt
nano sources.list
2. add after the first one:
Code:
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian lenny main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian lenny main contrib non-free
3. Hold down the trackball and hit o
4. Hit return (to save the new sources.list)
5. Hold the trackball and hit x (to exit nano)
6. Type (enter after each one):
Code:
apt-get update
apt-get install tightvncserver
apt-get install lxde
For Haykuro's builds [Thanks to buttkicker!]:
The procedure is same for 5.0.2H versions as well.
However, some files need to be modified.
I am attaching two sets of files.
Use as needed.
1: debian_v21-sdcard.zip
extract to /sdcard/debian
2: debian_v21-system-sd.zip
extract to /system/sd/debian (ext2 partition)
Replace the files in the original downloaded package with the ones in this post.
If you chose option 2, remember to type
Code:
cd /system/sd/debian
in step 4
Mirrors of Installer & debian.img:
Code:
http://mindsofwisemen.com/fileso/other/debian_v21.zip
http://www.filedropper.com/debianv21
Mirrors of Attached:
Code:
http://www.filedropper.com/debianv21-sdcard
http://www.filedropper.com/debianv21-system-sd
Thanks for this info, I'd also like to know if anyone hs tried it using the H build roms .... as apposed to JF's rom ... as stated in the instructions!
Thanks will try this on my G1 verry nice.
does this make a dual boot option? or how does it work?
no it doesn't. you run debian via the terminal emulator, then you run the Desktop app through a VNC viewer (i think, something like that anyway)
also this has been around for ages and doesn't have much use as all of them run stupidly slowly. (that being said, now we can get the processor running faster it might be better)
n1 on the guides though, much more helpful than trawling through countless threads
joeydsmith said:
does this make a dual boot option? or how does it work?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This is not dual boot. This runs Debian "like" an app running in the android Shell. Calls and everything will still work while in the debian.
Meltus said:
no it doesn't. you run debian via the terminal emulator, then you run the Desktop app through a VNC viewer (i think, something like that anyway)
also this has been around for ages and doesn't have much use as all of them run stupidly slowly. (that being said, now we can get the processor running faster it might be better)
n1 on the guides though, much more helpful than trawling through countless threads
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Actually it isnt that "laggy" nor slow. Practical for developing code on the go. (you can have the gcc on here )
SatanR1 said:
Thanks for this info, I'd also like to know if anyone hs tried it using the H build roms .... as apposed to JF's rom ... as stated in the instructions!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I just finished installing on 5.0.2Gr3
The procedure is same for 5.0.2H versions as well.
However, some files need to be modified.
I am attaching two sets of files.
Use as needed.
1: debian_v21-sdcard.zip
extract to /sdcard/debian
2: debian_v21-system-sd.zip
extract to /system/sd/debian (ext2 partition)
Replace the files in the original downloaded package with the ones in this post.
If you chose option 2, remember to type
Code:
cd /system/sd/debian
in step 4.
buttkicker said:
I just finished installing on 5.0.2Gr3
The procedure is same for 5.0.2H versions as well.
However, some files need to be modified.
I am attaching two sets of files.
Use as needed.
1: debian_v21-sdcard.zip
extract to /sdcard/debian
2: debian_v21-system-sd.zip
extract to /system/sd/debian (ext2 partition)
Replace the files in the original downloaded package with the ones in this post.
If you chose option 2, remember to type
Code:
cd /system/sd/debian
in step 4.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Awesome...now everyone has instruction on how to acheive this
Everytime i do this when it comes to the bit of typing
su (hit return)
chmod 4755 *
UPDATED! 6.as root (or su) run the installer like this:
installer.sh
It says unable to chmod bootdeb: operation not permited when i do the 1st
then that means i cant install the last one
Anyhelp guys? i would really appreciate it please im not sure whether i should Downgraid back to JF? Ill miss the pros of Haykuros H build but if i can get debian workn then its worth it
Does anyone have a youtube video running debian with kde or gnome on their g1?
Oh my...zeezee, you are a girl and you know more about computer stuffs more than i do, it's a shame for me, so embarrassing, but anyways i'm stuck at installing LXDE, could you help me out? I have debian and vncserver installed but when i run this command, i got an error msg
localhost:/# vncserver -geometry 480x320
vncserver -geometry 480x320
bash: vncserver: command not found
Do you have idea how to solve this problem? i've been hours try to figure it out but i'm totally clueless.
phuthanvinh said:
Oh my...zeezee, you are a girl and you know more about computer stuffs more than i do, it's a shame for me, so embarrassing, but anyways i'm stuck at installing LXDE, could you help me out? I have debian and vncserver installed but when i run this command, i got an error msg
localhost:/# vncserver -geometry 480x320
vncserver -geometry 480x320
bash: vncserver: command not found
Do you have idea how to solve this problem? i've been hours try to figure it out but i'm totally clueless.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Did you install vnc server by running this?
Code:
apt-get install tightvncserver
and, did the installation finish without errors.
buttkicker said:
Did you install vnc server by running this?
Code:
apt-get install tightvncserver
and, did the installation finish without errors.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
yes i did, but everytime i run a command to install something, there were always errors that the links are not valid (404). However I run get update fix missing file command afterward.
Still no reply then? hmmmm...
ben29pickett said:
Everytime i do this when it comes to the bit of typing
su (hit return)
chmod 4755 *
UPDATED! 6.as root (or su) run the installer like this:
installer.sh
It says unable to chmod bootdeb: operation not permited when i do the 1st
then that means i cant install the last one
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
can you try
Code:
su ./installer.sh
For those (like me) who get errors when apt-get'ing thightvncserver and/or lxde:
(from the thread at androidfanatic.com)
instructions
cd /etc/apt
nano sources.list
now add
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian lenny main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian lenny main contrib non-free
after the first one
then hold down the trackball and hit o
then hit return (to save the new sources.list)
then hold the trackball and hit x (to exit nano)
then type
apt-get update
apt-get install tightvncserver
apt-get install lxde
That did the trick for me at least.
/Mats
its actually the seccond part i get an error on chmod 4755 * saying something not permited bla bla bla lol
Hay there. ok i have debian setup and lxde but when i got to the vnc and connect all i get is a gray screen can any body help?
i know this has already been adressed but i cant find the thread again.
Nice howto. Cheers
This tutorial is based on this one for G1: http://www.saurik.com/id/10
Hi,
I'll show you how to run debian in chroot on our optimus one. It wont affect android in any way, and they can run simultaneously, side by side. You are only running bash from debian, not its kernel or any other low-level part. But you can use debian's programs.
Requirements
* Linux on your pc or in virtual machine
You need debootstrap to make debian image, so you need debian distro (maybe in *buntu it is too, but I am not sure). You dont need GUI, bash is all you need.
* Busybox(-> rooted phone)
Most custom roms comes with busybox, I am not sure how about store ROM.
* Terminal emulator on phone and/or ADB
I suggest you to make sure you have adb, because you dont wanna write it all on small touch keyboard.
Some knowledge about linux systems
If you are following this tutorial only because you want to /flex on your friends and you dont know anything about linux, then you really _should_ stop reading this tutorial.
I also recommend you to have a2sd, so we can put debian image on its partition, when it is on sdcard main partition, it _may_ cause some problems with usb mass storage.
So, lets start.
1. Getting debian image
Boot into debian and get bootstrap tool:
Code:
apt-get install debootstrap
Now, create an empty disk image, I'd say minimum size is about 150mb, but I recommend you use more:
Code:
dd if=/dev/zero of=debian.img seek=*size_in_bytes* bs=1 count=1
You need to create ext filesystem in image with this tool(you can try it with "sudo" if you have problems):
Code:
mke2fs -F debian.img
Image is ready now, now lets mount it so we can install debian into it:
Code:
mkdir debian
mount -o loop debian.img debian
Debootstrap tool will do all the work for us. You can try to use squeeze instead of lenny or download it from your country's mirror. "--variant=minbase" argument will install just base system with apt-get and only few other packages. (This also may need sudo)
Code:
debootstrap --verbose --arch armel --foreign lenny debian http://ftp.cz.debian.org/debian
umount debian
2. Mount the image
Now, we will use ADB shell to mount the image and finish debian installation. Do not forget to write "su" before you start, we need root for this.
You need to decide where to put debian.img. I suggest you to put it on a2sd partition, which is system/sd, so :
Code:
cp /sdcard/debian.img /system/sd
export kit=/system/sd
Our mount point will be /data/local/mnt, so lets make some variable to make it easier:
Code:
export mnt=/data/local/mnt
busybox mkdir -p $mnt
We also need to set these enviroment variables, and we can also make alias for busybox so we dont have to write busybox all the time.
Code:
export PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:$PATH
export TERM=linux
export HOME=/root
alias _=busybox
Now we need to create loop device for image:
Code:
_ mknod /dev/loop0 b 7 0
And if nothing went wrong, you should be able to mount image now ("mount: no /etc/mtab" is normal) :
Code:
_ mount -o loop,noatime $kit/debian.img $mnt
3. Finalizing installation of debian
With mounted image, we can proceed to second stage of debian bootstrap:
Code:
_ chroot $mnt /debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage
If you want install some packages with apt-get, you also need to add repo to sources.list. Of course, if you downloaded squeeze instead of lenny, you need to change "lenny" to "squeeze"
Code:
echo 'deb http://ftp.cz.debian.org/debian lenny main' >$mnt/etc/apt/sources.list
Set correct DNS servers - debian can't take them from Android.
Code:
echo 'nameserver 4.2.2.2' >$mnt/etc/resolv.conf
Done, installation over.
4. Running debian bash
To get to debian bash, use this command. You can try "cat /etc/issue.net" or "uname -a" so you can see its really debian.
Code:
_ chroot $mnt /bin/bash
But its not all yet, you need to mount some things for debian:
Code:
mount -t devpts devpts /dev/pts
mount -t proc proc /proc
mount -t sysfs sysfs /sys
Now link mtab to /proc/mounts. You need to do this only once.
Code:
rm -f /etc/mtab
ln -s /proc/mounts /etc/mtab
And if you want to use ssh server to log in into debian, you also should set root pass:
Code:
passwd root
5. Installing packages
First, you need to update packages list:
Code:
apt-get update
and now you can install whatever you want with "apt-get install"!
6. Finishing
I suggest you to write some .sh script so you can mount it all with one command, for example something like this: http://pastebin.com/VT6272d5
What packages have you tested?
sshd - works great, you can connect to phone via putty or ssh
mc - works, but phone screen is to small
gcc-avr - if you are programming for avr microcontrollers, you can compile it on your phone
netcat - telnet connection
git-core - works great
htop - you can see this on screnshot below
apache2 - works like a charm
xfce4, Xorg server and tightvncserver - working but slow, see screenshots
gnash - working but slow, see screenshots. This is the only option how to run flash content on optimus one xD
Iceweasel - if you are using vnc server, you can browse web pages
gcc, g++, autoreconf, cmake and whatever else is needed to build mangos - working
mysql-server - you have to set "user = root" in /etc/mysql/my.conf, but works
MaNGOS - http://getmangos.com/ takes long to build, but works! See this post and also this one.
..and maybe some more which I dont remember.
Hope this tutorial helped you
I'll try bootstrapping debian when I figure out what the hell is wrong with my system. I can't download files from ftp (but I can with wget and other progs. just not with pacman, debootstrap, and the like).
debian on optimus v
searched around to avoid multiple posts, and found this.
I've been running chroot debian on my V as well, squeeze then sid now going back to squeeze.
the main problem I've encountered was in the "debootstrap --second-stage", which generally froze at "I: configuring sysvinit". I thought that was from overloading the CPU, but turns out android init doesn't create /dev/initctl like debian does, so debootstrap hangs waiting for a response reading/writing /dev/initctl
I didn't have that issue using SL4A's shell instead of android terminal.
being a bit of a 'noid, I have used "mknod /dev/initctl p" in the chroot before running "debootstrap --second-stage" since reading of that solution. not sure if it's making much difference, because that didn't fix the issue before I found SL4A and was still using android terminal for shell functions.
I like xfce4 as a window manager in the VNC, it's small but still functional.
I did a bit of things different than saurik, but used his guide extensively, along with much googling for other deb->droid ports.
my chroot runs in the android root directory with bind-mounts since the custom kernel I like doesn't include unionfs. I also directly use an ext4 2nd partition on the SD rather than a loop-mounted filesystem image. (yes, ext4 journals will eventually frag my SD but the cost of another is worth the crash-resistance to me.)
my short-term goal is to mix inits between the two os's and run X through an android app frontend to avoid the framebuffer copy lag from the VNC. my 3 main reasons for debian on the phone are program development (works currently,) flash (actually gnash, and needs a working full-speed access to framebuffer, not working yet,) and emulators for J2ME and MAME (same boat as flash.)
so far trying to run X directly blanks my screen and forces a battery pull to get it back, so kinda giving up that route for the moment.
so installing Archlinux on O1 must be possible? how?
pymebrahimi said:
so installing Archlinux on O1 must be possible? how?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
All must work, as long as they support running on ARM. AFAIK Arch doesn't have an (official) ARM port. You can try Arch Mobile though
This command fails me
Code:
_ mount -o loop,noatime $kit/debian.img $mnt
The error I get is no device or file exists.
Tried creating more number of loop devises too. Still it didn't work. I am using cyanogemmod 2.3.3 ROM.
onehomelist said:
This command fails me
Code:
_ mount -o loop,noatime $kit/debian.img $mnt
The error I get is no device or file exists.
Tried creating more number of loop devises too. Still it didn't work. I am using cyanogemmod 2.3.3 ROM.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What is the exact wording of the error?
The exact error that I get:
Code:
# busybox mknod /dev/loop0 b 7 0
# busybox mount -o loop,noatime $kit/debian.img $mnt
mount: can't setup loop device: No such file or directory
Instead of using $kit/debian.img, try manually pointing to the debian image.
For example, if you have it on the sdcard's debian folder:
Code:
/sdcard/debian/debian.img
That too didn't work.
make sure that debian image is where it should be. Also try to "ls /dev/" and look for loop0 - i had some problems with loop devices on mik's 2.3, but I did not really solved it, because I went back to froyo after while.
The loop0 device exists is /dev. As you have experienced same issue on the same ROM, I am convinced that its a ROM issue.
I just tried to install xorg, xfce4 & tightvncserver - everything work just fine, although its kinda slow
ext partition instead of loop filesystem
Tasssadar said:
I just tried to install xorg, xfce4 & tightvncserver - everything work just fine, although its kinda slow
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I think it runs faster from a sdcard partition than a loop filesystem, if I remember right. I tested a loop-mounted preconstructed debian img from some tutorial for another device before debootstrapping my own.
partition your card with a second partition, ext2 if you're worried about journalling wearing out your sd, or ext4 if you're more worried about corrupting your precious debian filesystem in a crash or unclean umount. gparted in ubuntu seemed to work well for me.
resize your ntfs partition instead of deleting it or android may complain.
with your debian img mounted as a loop filesystem on a linux box at the same time as your new partition, you can copy everything from the img to the ext partition by:
Code:
cp -av /path/to/loopmountedimg/* /path/to/extpartition
if you replace the loop-mounting code in your boot script with a vold mount of your ext partition, android is supposed to umount the partition cleanly on powerdown or reboot.
on my optimus v, the mount looks like the following in my boot script (I'm posting the comments too for info)
# mount 2nd sdcard partition from vold, should prevent dirty unmount at reboot
# if your linux is on a different partition than 2, substitute that number for the 2 in .../vold/179:2 below
# first unmount it; if not already mounted, system will echo 'umount: can't forcibly umount /dev/block/vold/179:2: Invalid argument' but this isn't an error to worry about
Code:
umount -l /dev/block/vold/179:2
mount -o noatime,exec,suid /dev/block/vold/179:2 /$mnt
maybe someone here can use this info.
also, for anyone who wants to save some hours and bandwidth, I have a basic squeeze debootstrap uploaded to 4shared.
it shouldn't be missing any of the readme's or licensing docs, so it should be GPL ok AFAIK.
resolv.conf and sources.list are already configured for 3g access and the main Debian repository, so it's pretty much plug-n-play.
no extra packages. you'll need to apt-get tightvncserver and a window manager unless you just want the bash shell.
the first time you chroot in, you should use passwd to set a root password, and adduser to get a non-root account on there.
the only glitch is that I accidentally tar'd it into a compressed folder; so you can't just untar it into the ext partition, it needs unpacked with an archive manager. sorry!
here is the filesystem image
uncompressed, 9645 items, totalling 264.3 MB
compressed, 116.3 MB (121929580 Bytes)
Tried to put it on ext2 partition without image, its a bit faster but still very slow.
But i took some screenshots this time. You can see flash (well, gnash) player on optimus one working on last screenshot
And I have one question: is debian using its own libc or android's bionic?
Tasssadar said:
Tried to put it on ext2 partition without image, its a bit faster but still very slow.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
guess I'm biased, first linux I used was on a 100MHz pentium 1, so this handheld flies by comparison.
But i took some screenshots this time. You can see flash (well, gnash) player on optimus one working on last screenshot
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I could only get gnash to play ads. boo. froze up iceweasel every time I tried to open a flash video. what browser are you using? oh, man, it's iceweasel, isn't it?? also, chromium just refused to start on my optimus.
And I have one question: is debian using its own libc or android's bionic?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
pretty sure it's standard debian libc. you could integrate the android toolchain if you were so motivated, probably.
bigsupersquid said:
I could only get gnash to play ads. boo. froze up iceweasel every time I tried to open a flash video. what browser are you using? oh, man, it's iceweasel, isn't it?? also, chromium just refused to start on my optimus.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Chromium does not work for me, too.
Well, it froze for me too, but after while it at least got to show what you see on the screenshot
bigsupersquid said:
pretty sure it's standard debian libc. you could integrate the android toolchain if you were so motivated, probably.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I was just thinking if this is possible, then normal android aplication could have libc included, if its needed.
Do you know MaNGOS? It is open-source server for World of Warcraft (for more info go to http://getmangos.com/). I just compiled it and I run it on my optimus one. And guess what - without world db, its really fast! I am extracting UDB to database right now, I will post some screenshots and results with full-featured db soon.
And thats why I love linux and android
I got no words to describe my eyes when reading that at the moment.
So, what you might wanna know if you wanna try it too:
All packages needed for mangos to compile are working good, except for mysql server: you need to set "user = root" in my.cnf - it is located in /etc/mysql/ - because you cant put any root rights to any other user than root, so mysql user cant create tcp socket.
You will most likely need swap file - optimus has plenty of RAM, but yet not enough. All you need is to compile kernel with CONFIG_SWAP=y and follow this tutorial: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-add-a-swap-file-howto/. 512mb swap is enough. Just for the record, swap is working on optimus one, I think nobody tried it here yet.
Now as for the compilation of mangos, it is mostly working as it is, only problems are intel tbb library and g3dlite library.
TBB is not available for arm yet, so you need to compile without it. Use -DUSE_STD_MALLOC=0 in cmake line.
As for the g3dlite, things are little bit more tricky - you need it, and there are some asm() instructions in it, which are different for arm. I only commented them, because I dont know assembler: https://github.com/Tasssadar/mangos-arm/commit/67c442fa0c10e82b282b83a8fe485588f8786e12
I have no idea how it can even work without all that code in g3dlite, but it just does.
You can use scriptdev2 from its git, theres no problem in it.
Thats all, after that just "make" and get something good to read, because it will take really long. At least 5 hours for compilation and nearly hour and a half for linking of scriptdev2 and mangosd binary.
Creating of databases is just like on normal pc, so I just skip it...same goes for dbc files, maps and vmaps.
Loading of mangos takes around 4 minutes with full-featured db. mangos then takes around 180mb of ram and cpu usage is...surprisingly low, considering the fact that our cpu does not have hw float operations. I tried to clear Azjol Nerub instance (well, solo with gm character) and maximal cpu usage was 60%, when fighting a boss with lots of spawns. I could imagine some 5-man dungeon run would be just fine
Also, you will get slight lag when moving into new location, when phone loads map files from sdcard.
Thats all, see screenshots
The C4droid C++ compiler currently has issues with compiling code using C++. Using the C compiler works fine for C but the C++ side has problems.
If you have purchased and used the app with the GCC for C4droid plugin, you'll see that you constantly get Permission Denied errors. Doing things like chmod 777, 755, etc didn't work for me and probably won't work for you.
I've chatted back and forth with the creator of this app and we've (he) found a workaround. This workaround will make it so it is compiling through your MicroSD rather than the internal memory.
Pre-requisites: You must have BusyBox, SuperUser, C4droid, GCC for C4droid, and a Terminal Emulator installed. You also need a rooted device.
1. Open Terminal emulator and type "su" and press enter. A superuser screen will pop up and you need to click allow.
2. Type the following lines into the terminal (one by one):
cd /Removable/MicroSD/
mkdir Android
mkdir Android/data
cp -r /sdcard/Android/data/com.n0n3m4.droidc/ /Removable/MicroSD/Android/data/
su
mount -o remount,rw,exec -t vfat /dev/block/vold/179:9 /Removable/MicroSD
/system/xbin/mount -o bind /Removable/MicroSD/Android/data/com.n0n3m4.droidc/ /sdcard/Android/data/com.n0n3m4.droidc/
3. Change the default compiler in C4droid to G++ + bionic (Root required)
4. Done
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
hi, thx for your info, but for me (using galaxy tab 10.1 wifi) there is no such directory as /removable/microsd
i typed cd /sdcard/android/data but it didn't work. i'm using better terminal emulator pro, if it's important.
I'd installed both g++ plugin and c4droid to my acer iconia tab a500.
I followed the step by step instruction provided above besides that replacing "/removable/MicroSD/" to "/mnt/external_sd/" which is the directory linked to my microsd.
But still the problem persists,
"/sdcard/android/data/com.n0n3m4.droidc/files/gcc/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-g++" ... Permission denied.
Any help out there?
I'm lazy, I use a debian chroot.
You may need to change the permissions on the file(s), or the path.
Sent from my Transformer Prime TF201 using Tapatalk
I have lenovo a 2010 in this the app c4froid not in taking it shows not installed can anyone say reason please...
Kind of a one-off question... I'm working on a project that will automatically dd image an android phone to an off-phone location (the host computers d: drive for example) using a script executed through adb. It has to be automatic and the resulting dd image absolutely cannot be written to the phones memory.
Maybe something like:
Code:
$ su
# mount -o rw,remount -t vfat /dev/block/mmcblk0p4 /dd
# dd if=/dev/block/mmcblk0p1 of=/dd/system.dd
I've tried the cifs route but sadly, it appears the cifs.ko and slow-work.ko modules haven't been done for my handset (or I may be so stupid I can't even follow directions. It's a real possibility).
I thought I'd use the time-tested netcat method but again, I can't locate the nc binary for netcat that will run on my handset.
Any alternatives? Anyone know where the G2X specific kernel modules can be had? Someone maybe have an android nc binary?
:::BRIEF DESCRIPTION:::
mksh is the official, currently-developed shell used for Android. It is not an app nor a virus (lol) like some people seem to think, looking at a quick xda search. And as the core shell for android, it is used to shell superuser, so if you're rooted and get a message saying "mksh requests root", that basically just means that superuser is being run correctly and is using the default Android shell that is in every Android device. (GOOD)
If you get a message saying bash(or any other shell) requested root, and you're NOT in the terminal interactively. That most likely is NOT GOOD! Almost all bash scripts I've seen will run shelled with mksh, so be safe and shebang with mksh. You'll have better performance and features, and when you see bash requesting root, you'll know when your security is likely compromised.
::: mksh Resources/links/info :::
mksh author: mirabilos (on xda forums)
mirbsd mksh main page: https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm
mksh man page: https://www.mirbsd.org/htman/i386/man1/mksh.htm
edited 15Aug2014
Now that that's out of the way, I've attached a few zips in the 2nd post. The first contains my personalized mkshrc (startup mksh script), the full original mkshrc it's based on, and a diff for anyone who's interested. **This file belongs at /system/etc/mkshrc.** The rest of this first post details what I've cooked up in my mkshrc (and fpath functions). The other zips' contents are described in the 2nd post.
Features scripted into mkshrc:
--sudo: basic su executor
e.g.:
Code:
sudo mount -o rw,remount -t f2fs /system /system
sudo cat <<< $'\n' >> /system/build.prop
sudo 'sysrw; for i in /system/*; do chown 0 "$i" ; done; sysro'
--suid: (set user id) Uses chpst to run a prog setsuid, this is broken in most busyboxes so I included one with a working chpst. Usage:::
e.g.:
Code:
suid 1000 sh
--Rebind tab completion: unjams clustered words:
e.g.: <[cursor]> is cursor position
Code:
bind -m -- '^I= ^B^[=^D'
<<EXAMPLE USAGE>>
ec<[cursor]>12345 + tab ---> echo 12345
--Rebinded "control + u" to "cut-to-beginning of line" like bash. (As mirabilos points out, this is ksh incompatible behaviour since "control + u" is "kill-line" in *ksh shells. This can be removed from the (/system)/etc/mkshrc shell startup file if it presents any problems in editing.) The exact binds are:
Code:
bind -- '^[W=kill-region'
bind -m -- '^U=^[ ^A^[W'
<<EXAMPLE USAGE>>
ec<[cursor]>12345 + ctrl + u ---> <[cursor]>12345
--TMPDIR: mounts a tmpdir at /tmp for all users and random generates subdirs for individual secured tmpdirs. This fixes here-docs, here-strings, and here-executions.
e.g.:
Code:
su << 'eof'
sysrw; chgrp 2000 /system/bin; sysro
! (( $? )) && print -- -changed them bin group-
eof
--Basic "help" command: Android lacks this and the doc is still under development I believe. I added all the basic info/command-forms for mksh bultins to a command help(aliased to h):
e.g.:
Code:
help mkn
> mknod [-m mode] name b|c major minor
> mknod [-m mode] name p
or
Code:
help
(all help is printed, grep from here if you want)
--Complicated-programmed and colorful PS1 prompt, it looks good and I thought it through. Programming shows mksh potential for rich shell programming. It auto-turns off xtrace within itself (to 3 lines) so that 50 lines don't get printed each return with set -x. mksh small (R43 mksh) will be autodetected and give a different white and black classic ksh prompt.
--ton of ultra lazy aliases, got my android scripting speed up to ~70% my normal pc speed.
--dot.mkshrc functions from official mkshrc like pushd, popd, dirs, more, hd, Lb64encode, Lb64decode, hash optimizations
The scripting in this gets pretty complex, especially the inherent mkshrc functions. It would make a good scripting learning tool to say the least. I know I've learned twice what I knew from bash scripting back 3 months ago.
I've been working on modding the mkshrc a while, so I appreciate any error reports if you give mine a try. Shouldn't be any problems though.
Modifying the mkshrc file / mksh shell has system-wide effects, so PLEASE nandroid backup as usual!!! This should be COMPATIBLE with all androids, but has only been tested on my Galaxy Nexus thus far. **The binary is compatible with androids using an ARM cpu, but the steps in the 3rd post will generate a binary for whatever ARCH you're running.**
EDIT: reprogrammed sudo with pexec, so it can do parallel executions. pexec, grep, and a full busybox are included in a zip with some other bins.
For Jack Palevich's terminal emulator or connectbot, telnet, etc, I use this as my su'd "shell" command under >>Options>>Shell:
Code:
/system/xbin/su --shell /system/bin/mksh --command exec /system/bin/pexec -z -15 --shell /system/bin/mksh -m '/system/bin/mksh'
What's safer though is to just use a non-su shell command:
Code:
/system/bin/mksh -
...and then use sudo for your su commands. This is more linux'y.
EDIT2 (big update): Got static mksh R50 compiled. Ended up booting ubuntu in Android to compile instead of cross-compiling. mksh's Build.sh compiler script works great. I just had to "sudo apt-get install gcc" and bam it built with "LDSTATIC=-static ./Build.sh".
EDIT3 - Changed main.c source mkshrc file to /system/etc/mkshrc, perfect static mksh R50 now.
EDIT4 - Changed compiler to klcc to get size way down, now at 196KB with -O2 LTO speed optimizations.
EDIT5 - Binary is updated to R50d, compiled with CFLAGS=-Os, and stripped to get size down to ~140KB. (This is even smaller than the R43 dynamic mksh binary that is currently used in roms.)
EDIT6 - Added a mksh trunk (latest and greatest) binary with the printf builtin compiled in. Use with caution. Btw, if you read all the way down here, then yes, these binaries work in lollipop since they're statically compiled.
:ownloads:: (#7 or #8 is the static binary by itself)
(1) mksh R50 source, binary, manual
(2) Highly compressed pack of extra bins/libs that are mentioned in my mkshrc (zsh, lz4c, grep, busybox, bash, nano, vim, curl, etc) and some other cool ones like macchanger and ed. Download #3 to extract on Android.
(3) 7za in case you need it to extract (2) on Android.
Code:
7za x name_of_archive.7z
(4) Classic unix text editor "ed" which mksh uses for edit functionality. (Copy to /system/bin along with mksh.)
(5) Official mkshrc (unzip and copy to /system/etc, set permissions to 0444)
(6)
My personalized mkshrc startup mksh shell script based on the official full mkshrc 2014/01/11 release. Described in first post. If you try this, make sure to symlink /system/xbin/busybox to /system/bin/busybox.ndk.
Official mkshrc 2014/01/11 release
"diff -ur /system/etc/dot.mkshrc--official.mkshrc mkshrc" (diff patch set from official mkshrc to my personalized mkshrc)
(7) mksh static binary! (Just unzip, "chmod +rx" it, and copy to /system/bin or run from anywhere, no libs required )
(8) mksh R50e with printf builtin (I know some people were looking for this)
::: Building mksh Static On Android (really Ubuntu though..):::
This is just for anyone who wants to try, and especially those without access to a PC.
Things we'll need besides your phone:
-"Android Terminal Emulator" app {get it from (http://jackpal.github.com/Android-Terminal-Emulator/downloads/Term.apk) or fdroid or gplay}
-"Complete Linux Installer" app {get it from (http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxonandroid/?source=typ_redirect) or gplay or maybe fdroid}
-internet/wifi
-mksh source {download from (https://www.mirbsd.org/MirOS/dist/mir/mksh/mksh-R50.tgz) or link in first post or DL in second post}
1) We need to get Ubuntu or Debian booted for a sufficient build environment. I've used both on Android but I like the better stocked terminal in the Ubuntu images. I used the app Complete Linux Installer which is free and works beautifully, very simple and easy too. In the app you want to follow the short instructions to download an Ubuntu image, rename it to ubuntu.img, and place it in a folder named ubuntu in /sdcard. Then hit menu in the app and click the terminal screen icon that says "Launch". An Ubuntu terminal will now open in Android Terminal Emulator. Super quick and easy.
2) Let's download GCC and ed so we can build and test with zero errors.
Code:
apt-get install -y gcc ed
3) Now the cool thing about this chroot Ubuntu environment is that we still have access to the sdcard to transfer files between Android environment and the chroot jail. Extract your downloaded mksh source to your Ubuntu home with something like:
Code:
cd
tar -xf /sdcard/Download/mksh*.tgz
cd mksh
4) Since we're building this for Android, the mkshrc file is at /system/etc/mkshrc instead of ~/.mkshrc, so we can change this with:
Code:
sed -i 's|~/.mkshrc|/system/etc/mkshrc|' ./main.c
Now we can build mksh statically:
Code:
chmod +x Build.sh
MKSHRC_PATH=/system/etc/mkshrc LDSTATIC=-static ./Build.sh -r -c lto && ./test.sh
Let the build script crank out the binary for a couple minutes and run the test suite. There should only be an error on a "mkshrc" test since we changed it for android. The "-r -c lto" flags/opt aren't needed but recommended.
Edit: (size optimization): Strip the compiled mksh binary to make it super small (~150KB with a CC="klcc" or CC="diet gcc" compile).
Code:
strip --strip-unneeded ./mksh
5) Now let's copy it to /system/bin to replace your old one.
Code:
cp ./mksh /sdcard
(Open a new terminal tab to get into Android Environment)
sysrw
cp -f /sdcard/mksh /system/bin
chmod 0555 /system/bin/mksh
sysro
.. and done. Run some scripts and enjoy your static mksh!
*** OPTIONAL EXTRA STEPS TO USE klcc or other compiler ***
In step (1), also do
Code:
apt-get install -y libklibc-dev
to get the klibc development tools, and then...
In step (4), this is how you specify to use klcc (aka build against klibc using the klcc wrapper):
Code:
CC="$(which klcc)" MKSHRC_PATH=/system/etc/mkshrc LDSTATIC=-static ./Build.sh -r -c lto && ./test.sh
:::Compile mksh in Android (for ARM):::
1) Download the attached cross-compiler and mksh source (https://www.mirbsd.org/MirOS/dist/mir/mksh/mksh-R50.tgz). Copy them to /data/media. If you don't have 7za, download that as well from the previous post but place it in /system/bin and "chmod +x" it
2) Extract contents:
Code:
cd /data/media
7za x -so 2014-10-01__simple-cross-compiler-armv4tl.stripped.tar.7z | tar -xf -
tar -xf mksh*.tgz
3) Compile the source with:
Code:
cd mksh
chmod +x Build.sh
LDFLAGS=-static CC=../simple-cross-compiler-armv4tl.stripped/bin/*gcc ./Build.sh -r -c lto
../simple-cross-compiler-armv4tl.stripped/bin/*strip -s mksh
4) Replace old mksh and mkshrc
Code:
mount -o rw,remount /system
cp mksh /system/bin
cp dot.mkshrc /system/etc/mkshrc
chmod 0555 /system/bin/mksh
chmod 0444 /system/etc/mkshrc
mount -o ro,remount /system
@7175 : Hello! Look like a bunch of hard work there. Very nice.
1. Would you have any clue to what's going on HERE?
2. Would you know if I can just install over my old mksh binary to get this working, or do I need "everything"?
3. And since I've heard that /system/bin/mksh will soon be permanently only /system/bin/sh perhaps this need to be changed?
Hey E.VA. thanks for checking out the thread. If you want to just test out R48 mksh, just copy(from zip root directory) the lib*.so from /data/media/shell to /system/lib and then copy /data/media/shell/mksh to /system/bin (and chmod 0555 /system/bin/mksh; chmod 0444 /system/lib/*.so). Then you'll have your whole system running full mksh R48.
As far as the ssh problem with android, this definitely becomes grey-zone material to my knowledge, which is limited in this area. I'm pretty sure android has udev amputated so it lacks a fully working /dev/tty. This could probably be patched over though with some terminal work, mknod action. I've gotten ssh working under "terminal ide", but haven't used the stock ssh stuff in /system/bin. Now that you mention this though, I will try and get stock ssh going as well as openssh which had a similar problem last time I tried (thx for mentioning your support thread, I'll be checking that out).
Here's what I searched to shed a little light on that ssh /dev/tty issue: duckduckgo.com/html5/?q=ssh+%27dev%2Ftty%27+error.
It looks like you've done a ton of searching though.
For su commands, I would try using, e.g.,
Code:
su exec [i]command[/i]
...opposed to "su -c", or better e.g.,
Code:
su -c exec /system/bin/sh -c '[i]command[/i]'
...and see if that gives any different results.
I just know from experience "su -c" hasn't always cut it.
*edit: Couple other things worth trying:
1) preappend command with environment variable: global TTY=/dev/pts/0 ...
2) use the -T option when calling mksh, i,e. ssh ... -e mksh -T /dev/pts/0 ...
@7175 : Hey thanks for looking into this. I will definitely try your suggestions.
However, I've already tried the -T flag to ssh, but never by specifying the pts to use, as it should be dynamically allocated by the ptmx. (As it could be already in use, by something else, like ATE.) Also, what does "global" do?
You also mentioned "stock ssh" in /system/bin. I've never seen that. Perhaps that could be a better solution, unless its' even more crippled. Does it also support sshd (i.e. ssh -D)?
In the mean time, is there any particular reason why you decided to dynamically link mksh? (I assumed it would have been more portable with static linking?)
I see that you did a huge amount of work on that mkshrc script. Looks crazy (in a good way)!
Finally, and aside, I also noticed that when I start mksh from ssh session, there are some aliases in there, that is not specified in the mkshrc, nor the .profile of my SSH server, so where the heck do they come from?
Code:
[SIZE=2][email protected]:home # alias
autoload='typeset -fu'
functions='typeset -f'
hash='alias -t'
history='fc -l'
integer='typeset -i'
local=typeset
login='exec login'
nameref='typeset -n'
nohup='nohup '
r='fc -e -'
source='PATH=$PATH:. command .'
type='whence -v'[/SIZE]
Perhaps they're hardcoded or sourced from somewhere? Have you seen this?
E:V:A said:
@7175 : Hey thanks for looking into this. I will definitely try your suggestions.
However, I've already tried the -T flag to ssh, but never by specifying the pts to use, as it should be dynamically allocated by the ptmx. (As it could be already in use, by something else, like ATE.) Also, what does "global" do?
You also mentioned "stock ssh" in /system/bin. I've never seen that. Perhaps that could be a better solution, unless its' even more crippled. Does it also support sshd (i.e. ssh -D)?
In the mean time, is there any particular reason why you decided to dynamically link mksh? (I assumed it would have been more portable with static linking?)
I see that you did a huge amount of work on that mkshrc script. Looks crazy (in a good way)!
Finally, and aside, I also noticed that when I start mksh from ssh session, there are some aliases in there, that is not specified in the mkshrc, nor the .profile of my SSH server, so where the heck do they come from?
Code:
[SIZE=2][email protected]:home # alias
autoload='typeset -fu'
functions='typeset -f'
hash='alias -t'
history='fc -l'
integer='typeset -i'
local=typeset
login='exec login'
nameref='typeset -n'
nohup='nohup '
r='fc -e -'
source='PATH=$PATH:. command .'
type='whence -v'[/SIZE]
Perhaps they're hardcoded or sourced from somewhere? Have you seen this?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks man lol it's a big rc. It was 50KB before I converted a bunch of the functions to fpath functions in /etc/fpath and stripped most of the comments. It should give a pretty quick shell in terminal though with the ulimit and renicing tweaks. The PS1 prompt is pretty awesome, probably the best thing in the mkshrc I included.
"global" is a function just like "typeset" or "declare" in bash. The difference is that global prevents an accessed variable from being localized/ different than the global value in a function. This is a mksh function, bash will use "declare -g". There are a couple of example usage in the mkshrc, like with the set -x spam fix for the command prompt.
I checked and stock ssh in /system/bin has the "-D" flag. I would also check rolo's zshaolin zsh project which comes with some afterstock ssh stuff, ssh keygen, ssh keysearch, different ssh etc.
Yeah I just symlinked sh to save space really and for portability to try out other shells like bash and zsh(this works!) to run the system. Recently I switched to using a copy of mksh as sh since "chattr +i" wasn't protecting the symlink from being over-linked.
The aliases you posted are in fact hard-coded. If you do "strings /system/bin/mksh | grep -C7 autoload" or something similar, you'll see them in the binary. I always wondered where those came from too until I read through the mksh manual over a couple months, that's some pretty dense reading lol. mksh is a superb shell though, so it's definitely well worth it.
Sorry I can't be of more help with the ssh /dev/tty problem. I will keep my eyes open though, and try not to be so lazy using telnet for all my remote connections. I mean that's basically using the internet without a condom lol.
(*Also, just something I should mention about the install zip contents: not all the /etc/fpath functions are finished yet. I still gotta tweak the ssh ports from /etc/ssh and finish my xargs. Most should work though and are safe and won't interfer with shell usage, even if autoloaded.)
@mirabilos :
Hi, why did you choose to hardcode the aliases (shown in post#6) into the mksh binary?
Also, do you have a later version than the R48 Android binary above?
The "r" alias is particularly disturbing as it is masking the native toolbox use of "r" to read a memory location.
7175 said:
with the ulimit and renicing tweaks.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Why do they need to be tweaked?
I checked and stock ssh in /system/bin has the "-D" flag. I would also check rolo's zshaolin zsh project which comes with some afterstock ssh stuff, ssh keygen, ssh keysearch, different ssh etc.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Sorry my bad, I was sleepy and mistakenly understood "-D" as running SSH in daemon mode, when in fact it does the opposite and prevents it. Seem like his links are dead or I'm just looking in the wrong place.
Recently I switched to using a copy of mksh as sh since "chattr +i" wasn't protecting the symlink from being over-linked.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Not sure what you're saying here...
Sorry I can't be of more help with the ssh /dev/tty problem. I will keep my eyes open though, and try not to be so lazy using telnet for all my remote connections. .
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks, but if telnet works with tty/pts jobcontrol and vi etc, then I'm fine with that for now. I tried your command variations above and got this:
Code:
[SIZE=2]#ssh -2 [email protected] -p 2222 -T su -c exec /system/bin/sh -i # This worked!
#ssh -2 [email protected] -p 2222 -T su -c exec /tmp-mksh/tmp-mksh -T /dev/pts/0
/tmp-mksh/tmp-mksh: chvt: can't find tty /dev/pts/0
#ssh -2 [email protected] -p 2222 -T su -c exec /tmp-mksh/tmp-mksh -T /dev/ptmx
/tmp-mksh/tmp-mksh: chvt: new shell is potentially insecure, can't revoke /dev/ptmx
[/SIZE]
The fist one is good to get direct root prompt, the second fails, since pts/0 has not been created yet, and if it has, it fails with permission issue, since another process is trying to steal the pts. The reason why the third one fails, is very cryptic and I don't understand the error message and neither the code generating it.
Do you think one could use the ATE app to get a working root shell by the use of a more complex ssh command? Any suggestions how that would look?
Finally, I'm a bit worried about replacing the libc.so dependency, since the whole system depend upon it, and would probably not boot if an incompatible libc.so is used. This is why I asked about a static binary. I'd much rather have a bloated mksh than having to add library files. (We have plenty of memory and space these days.)
Regarding compiling, I would recommend using Linaro a build, rather than the crappy and often broken/outdated Code Sourcery junk.
Check this thread:
[LINARO GCC] Cross Compiler Toolchains [Linaro GCC 4.9 2014.07, 4.8 and 4.7 2014.04][19/07/2014]
Cheers!
7175 said:
--Better tab completion: unjams clustered words:
--Added "control + u" to "cut-to-beginning of line" like bash.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hi! As the author of mksh, I am hereby explicitly requesting you to add a suffix to the shell version, similar to what the PLD Linux guys do here, because this changes the behaviour of the shell in an incompatible way. (Just add your own string there after a space, the @distro@ is just a placeholder that gets replaced with the PLD Linux package version.)
Do note that ^U in Korn Shell (and others) is “delete entire line”.
7175 said:
--Very complicated-programmed and colorful PS1 prompt, it looks good and I thought it through. Programming shows mksh potential for rich shell programming. It auto-turns off xtrace within itself so that 50 lines don't get printed each return with set -x. mksh small will be autodetected and give a different white and black classic ksh prompt.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Interesting idea, I think I will pick up the “set +x” thing.
Do you mind sharing a patchset of all your changes, so I can incorporate those I feel would be good to have in general?
7175 said:
EDIT: It appears the libc required for full mksh isnt always friendly
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Just link the shell statically, then.
E:V:A said:
1. Would you have any clue to what's going on HERE?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You are annoying me. I've told you times and times again to disable SEAndroid, or to fix its SELinux policies.
E:V:A said:
2. Would you know if I can just install over my old mksh binary to get this working, or do I need "everything"?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Define “everything”. mksh in AOSP is /system/bin/mksh plus mkshrc.
E:V:A said:
3. And since I've heard that /system/bin/mksh will soon be permanently only /system/bin/sh perhaps this need to be changed?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'm working with enh of Google on that. I would like for mksh to be installed as /system/bin/mksh and /system/bin/sh to be a link/copy of it, always. He said he'd agree I could change that back.
E:V:A said:
Hi, why did you choose to hardcode the aliases (shown in post#6) into the mksh binary?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
These are part of the shell, and have always been, even in pdksh times.
E:V:A said:
Also, do you have a later version than the R48 Android binary above?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I do not deal in binaries normally. I'm somewhat working on updating AOSP to mksh CVS HEAD, in tandem with enh from Google, but when I had the time for that, it appears they changed the build system requirements. But it will be there.
It's not as if a newer mksh version would fix your SELinux problem, though…
E:V:A said:
The "r" alias is particularly disturbing as it is masking the native toolbox use of "r" to read a memory location.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The “r” alias is especially required for the Emacs command line editing mode. Interesting that toolbox uses it too. Thanks for bringing this to my attention, I will ask enh to change “r” in toolbox.
@E:V:A : Glad the first execution you mentioned worked. I would try messing with quotes/double quotes around the shell command, i.e. ssh ... -T su -c 'exec ...' or try ssh ... -T su -c exec "...", as something to test out further. This can make a lot of difference.
The ulimit shell function can control all sorts of performance related stuff, priority, max niceness, etc. You can see all values with "ulimit -a".
I understand your hesitance about the libc.so replacement. I would keep a copy of the old one and twrp backup before trying out a new one. I get what you're saying about statically linked binaries. I just fixed my i7 desktop that had a blown power supply, so I'll be looking into this. Thanks for the linaro link!
@mirabilos : Thanks for taking a look at this and providing us with mksh! I updated my OP with the specifics about the rebinds for "control I" and "control U" that you mentioned, and I added a suffix to the beginning comments of the file. Something like:
Code:
# $MirOS: src/bin/mksh/dot.mkshrc,v 1.88 2014/01/11 18:09:39 tg Exp $Android_mod by [email protected] 2014/08/04$
Not sure if that's what you wanted me to add in. I included an extra zip to download in the 2nd post that contains the official mkshrc 2014/01/11, my personal mkshrc, and a "diff -ur" patch (also attached to this post).
I will look into getting a statically linked mksh compiled, that sounds like something really handy to keep around.
edit: Here's basically what I added to the beginning and end of PS1 to trim down its "set -x" verbosity to 3 lines. I'd like to get it down more but haven't figured it out.
Code:
PS1=$'\001\r'; PS1+='${|
local e=$?
[[ -o -x ]] && set +x && global -x XTR_DBG=1 || global -x XTR_DBG=0
...
...
...
(( XTR_DBG )) && set -x
return ${e}
} '
7175 said:
@mirabilos : Thanks for taking a look at this and providing us with mksh!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You’re welcome!
7175 said:
Not sure if that's what you wanted me to add in.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ah, so you did not patch the mksh binary, only the mkshrc file?
But then, that’s okay as you wrote, sure.
7175 said:
I included an extra zip to download in the 2nd post that contains the official mkshrc 2014/01/11, my personal mkshrc, and a "diff -ur" patch (also attached to this post).
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
OK, thanks. Will have a look at it within the next weeks (August is going to be a busy month for me).
I’m assuming you are okay with me adding some of your changes back to main mksh?
7175 said:
I will look into getting a statically linked mksh compiled, that sounds like something really handy to keep around.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Indeed, it is.
The first mksh run on Android actually was statically compiled against µClibc, though that’s cheating. (Also, dietlibc and klibc are better than µClibc). I think it should work against Bionic, too.
7175 said:
edit: Here's basically what I added to the beginning and end of PS1 to trim down its "set -x" verbosity to 3 lines. I'd like to get it down more but haven't figured it out.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I don’t think it works in less, considering you have to save the previous $?. There are a few handy tricks around. I tried these four:
#1 is:
Code:
local e=$?
[[ -o -x ]]; local x=$?; set +x
(( e )) && REPLY+="$e|"
[…]
(( x )) || set -x
return $e
This is about what you did. #2 is:
Code:
local e=$? x=$([[ -o -x ]]; echo $?); set +x
(( e )) && REPLY+="$e|"
[…]
(( x )) || set -x
return $e
This only looks different (I’d prefer #1 over this.) #3 is:
Code:
set +x $? $([[ -o -x ]]; echo $?)
(( $1 )) && REPLY+="$1|"
[…]
(( $2 )) || set -x
return $1
This reduces visual clutter. #4 is:
Code:
set +x $? $([[ -o -x ]]; echo $?)
(( $1 )) && REPLY+="$1|"
[…]
(( $2 )) && return $1
(( $1 )) && set -x && return $1
set -x
This reduces visual clutter even more, in that, when $? is 0, one line less is shown. But it makes the number of lines shown be not always the same. YMMV on whether to use this, #3 or #1.
This could be made even nicer *iff* mksh had the EXIT trap when leaving a function. The manpage says it’s TODO. This part of the manpage is from 1999 or older. (I started mksh in late 2002, early 2003.) Go figure… But now I have a reason to add it ☺
Another thing you could do is “set +o inherit-xtrace”, which makes functions not run with “set -x” when the main body runs with it. But wait, I see now that it does not affect ${|…;} blocks. This is a bug, which I’ll fix ☻
@mirabilos:
You Wrote:
1. Would you have any clue to what's going on HERE?
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You are annoying me. I've told you times and times again to disable SEAndroid, or to fix its SELinux policies.
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Well, you can be as annoyed as you like. First of all, that question was not aimed at you, and second, as I have also said repeatedly, I have already tried using SELinux in Permissive mode and it doesn't work either. In addition, your suggestion to "fix its SELinux policies" is rather ridiculous as there are no tools available to do so. At least nothing out of the box and no available binaries anywhere, and surely no instructions how to do so. So if you know how to do it, why don't you just explain for us how to do so. (My policies are updated to latest according Androids policy update tools.)
In addition there is no such thing as "disable SEAndroid". It's either in Permissive or Enforced mode. That is, unless you flash a new custom FW, which is out of the question. In addition, ATE works just fine, in Enforcing mode.
So believe me, I am far more annoyed by Googles lack of SELinux/SEAndroid developer support, than you will ever be from me asking these questions.
Thanks for explaining and helping with everything else above.
@7175:
The ulimit shell function can control all sorts of performance related stuff, priority, max niceness, etc. You can see all values with "ulimit -a".
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Yes, I know about all those things, but I was asking why you think they need to be tweaked? The defaults, seem to work just fine.
@mirabilos : Thank you for your detailed replies, and I would be more than happy to contribute if you see anything from the content I posted.
It is interesting to see the other possibilities for turning off xtrace within the PS1. I didn't even realize you could set positional parameters after the set -x... I think I like that one the most. It just seems more array-like and streamlined, although I guess the same number of variables is still used. I look forward to seeing what updates you'll have on the exit trap and localization. This is something I'd like to toy around with.
I took your advice and set out to get a mksh static built. I ended up compiling with GCC, running "LDSTATIC=-static ./Build.sh" in the mksh source directory. I'm pretty new to cross compiling, so I didn't really get that far or try that hard before chrooting to a fresh Ubuntu terminal on my Nexus, installing GCC, and compiling there. The only thing I changed in the source code was ${ENV:-~/.mkshrc} to ${ENV:-/system/etc/mkshrc} in the "main.c" source file. I can include this in the OP though as you mentioned before. (edit: just saw this as a compiler option with Build.sh)
Edit: I see the option now in the Build.sh for changing the mkshrc path. Also, got R50 rebuilt static with klibc. Damn that got the size way down from using glibc, 684K to 204K.
R50e is released
R50e is released -- see https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm#clog
Hi @7175, good stuffs here man :good:
I've been using your modded mkshrc, and I can see a hell of a lot of work you put into it. Looks really cool. Plus it's really a good place to learn for someone like me, I definitely had learnt a lot for the past few days. Tons of aliases too, and I'm getting used to using it now. I really appreciate your stuffs here, hope to see more of it
alanthehat said:
R50e is released -- see https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm#clog
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Thanks for the heads up. Updated the binaries posted in the 2nd OP to mksh R50e.
Reinkaos said:
Hi @7175, good stuffs here man :good:
I've been using your modded mkshrc, and I can see a hell of a lot of work you put into it. Looks really cool. Plus it's really a good place to learn for someone like me, I definitely had learnt a lot for the past few days. Tons of aliases too, and I'm getting used to using it now. I really appreciate your stuffs here, hope to see more of it
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Thanks for the feedback man! Glad it's been a good learning experience like it has been for me.
7175 said:
Thanks for the feedback man! Glad it's been a good learning experience like it has been for me.
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Well, thanks for the updated binary! Anyway, anything you can recommend me to read other than the man page in OP? And I have one more question, what's the difference between the busybox (I got one from your other thread) and yours busybox.ndk?
While I’m the upstream developer of mksh, hacking it has also been a good learning experience for me.
So it is for a friend of mine, who has taken some fundamental script frameworks I wrote, and extended it to an impressive management system, learning to code good shell while doing so.
I’m always happy when my stuff helps other people, and they share their joy! ☺
By the way: new mksh release announcements are sent over the miros-mksh mailing list (send an eMail to postmaster at mirbsd dot either org or de to subscribe).
---------- Post added at 08:40 PM ---------- Previous post was at 08:34 PM ----------
Well, we have https://www.mirbsd.org/ksh-chan.htm which collects lots of Korn Shell-related resources, although most of it is for AT&T ksh93 (the “original” Korn Shell), much also applies to mksh, though the Android OS has some special handling (especially caused by the different user-space tooling) obviously.
The shell itself behaves exactly the same across *all* supported platforms though, so (once you have set $TMPDIR to something writable for your current user) you can write Pure mksh code exactly like on Unix or Cygwin or the Macintosh or even Haiku.
mirabilos said:
While I’m the upstream developer of mksh, hacking it has also been a good learning experience for me.
So it is for a friend of mine, who has taken some fundamental script frameworks I wrote, and extended it to an impressive management system, learning to code good shell while doing so.
I’m always happy when my stuff helps other people, and they share their joy!
By the way: new mksh release announcements are sent over the miros-mksh mailing list (send an eMail to postmaster at mirbsd dot either org or de to subscribe).
---------- Post added at 08:40 PM ---------- Previous post was at 08:34 PM ----------
Well, we have https://www.mirbsd.org/ksh-chan.htm which collects lots of Korn Shell-related resources, although most of it is for AT&T ksh93 (the “original” Korn Shell), much also applies to mksh, though the Android OS has some special handling (especially caused by the different user-space tooling) obviously.
The shell itself behaves exactly the same across *all* supported platforms though, so (once you have set $TMPDIR to something writable for your current user) you can write Pure mksh code exactly like on Unix or Cygwin or the Macintosh or even Haiku.
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Thanks for the link, and for your works on mksh too! I'm really new to shell, I'm not even that familiar with unix/linux either. But I always have been interested in shell scripting, so I'm glad that I stumbled upon this thread
Whew, that's a lot of stuff in that link you gave, definitely gonna make use of it, thanks again!