Related
FYI,
I've been able to successfully use iptables to configure ip masquerading (NAT). With it, I am tethered over WiFi without using tetherbot (which still works as a backup). Hopefully someone else can package this to be more useful.
Update: See posts #13 and #15 on how to use Ad-hoc mode.
Root required
Existing wifi network required (and configured)
1> Disable WiFi through the UI. Then turn on Wifi manually using the following commands as root. Normally the phone data interface and WiFi can't be turned on at the same time. (Can this be done through the android gui somehow?)
insmod /system/lib/modules/wlan.ko
wlan_loader -f /system/etc/wifi/Fw1251r1c.bin -e /proc/calibration -i /system/etc/wifi/tiwlan.ini
cd /data/local/tmp
wpa_supplicant -f -Dtiwlan0 -itiwlan0 -c/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf &
sleep 5
ifconfig tiwlan0 192.168.2.30 netmask 255.255.255.0
ifconfig tiwlan0 up
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Note that I had to use a static ip since dhcp will typically add in a gateway.
2> Enable and configure ip forwarding
iptables -I FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
iptables -I FORWARD -s 192.168.2.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -P FORWARD DROP
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
3> On your computers, set your default gateway to your phone's WiFi IP address (192.168.2.30 - in my case). Also set your DNS to a real DNS server.
Attached is the iptables binary, compiled with the android sdk.
just curious as to why you would want the "tethering" this way. isnt it most likely that any wifi your phone can connect to your computer most probably can too? just curious?
hondamx525 said:
just curious as to why you would want the "tethering" this way. isnt it most likely that any wifi your phone can connect to your computer most probably can too? just curious?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This is just progress on tethering. The proxy method is a horrible way of tethering. iptables is the correct way if done correctly. His developments while useless to most are still good because it is progressive. And he can get hotspots now LOL
hondamx525 said:
just curious as to why you would want the "tethering" this way. isnt it most likely that any wifi your phone can connect to your computer most probably can too? just curious?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The above configuration uses your existing wifi settings (I haven't tried ad-hoc mode).
USB networking would be better, or even bluetooth. But I'm not sure this is possible.
divinehawk, do you really need an access point? have you tried this using an ad-hoc network? (I am not sure if the G1's WiFi supports ad-hoc networks)
scootley said:
divinehawk, do you really need an access point? have you tried this using an ad-hoc network? (I am not sure if the G1's WiFi supports ad-hoc networks)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Doesn't look like the gui will let you do ad-hoc. Maybe if a modified wpa_supplicant.conf. I'll report back if I have success.
Ideal mode would be for the phone to *act* as an access point. But that usually requires driver support.
divinehawk said:
USB networking would be better, or even bluetooth. But I'm not sure this is possible.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Code:
# adb --help
[...]
adb forward <local> <remote> - forward socket connections
forward specs are one of:
tcp:<port>
[...]
...but I guess everybody already knew that. I suppose that doing it via iptables under this approach, you are still limited to specific ports.
alansj said:
Code:
# adb --help
[...]
adb forward <local> <remote> - forward socket connections
forward specs are one of:
tcp:<port>
[...]
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
that only works if you want to make a proxy... I think he is trying to make it a true internet sharing app similar to that of the wing and other WM devices
How about something similar to PdaNet?
http://www.theiphoneblog.com/2008/10/16/how-to-tether-with-pdanet/
It's interesting that it works by having you set up an ad-hoc wireless network from your computer and then connecting to that from the iPhone. Maybe that's essentially what scootley was suggesting above.
PdaNet .deb here:
http://apt.modmyi.com/2debs/pdanet1.40.deb
alansj said:
How about something similar to PdaNet?
http://www.theiphoneblog.com/2008/10/16/how-to-tether-with-pdanet/
It's interesting that it works by having you set up an ad-hoc wireless network from your computer and then connecting to that from the iPhone. Maybe that's essentially what scootley was suggesting above.
PdaNet .deb here:
http://apt.modmyi.com/2debs/pdanet1.40.deb
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
That would be awesome... I hope someone can do that soon. I am dying to be able to connect it to my computer.
A True NAT Router will be WOW with UPNP Support
I just managed to get an ad-hoc connection going between my phone and laptop, and NAT running on it. The steps are pretty much the same as in the first post of this thread, but in addition I made some changes to /system/etc/wifi/tiwlan.ini (make sure to keep a backup of the original).
First, make sure wifi is disabled on the phone gui.
Next, Set up the ad-hoc network on the laptop. I called mine "newtest". Change the properties for the connection to assign a static ip. I used 192.168.2.2. Set gateway to 192.168.2.1, and set dns to a public server - i used 4.2.2.1.
In tiwlan.ini, look for "WiFiAdhoc = 0". Change it to the following (set ssid to whatever you use):
WiFiAdhoc = 1
dot11DesiredSSID = newtest
dot11DesiredBSSType = 0
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
After updating tiwlan.ini, enable wifi manually:
insmod /system/lib/modules/wlan.ko
wlan_loader -f /system/etc/wifi/Fw1251r1c.bin -e /proc/calibration -i /system/etc/wifi/tiwlan.ini
ifconfig tiwlan0 192.168.2.1 netmask 255.255.255.0
ifconfig tiwlan0 up
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
At this point, the phone should connect to the ad-hoc network.
Now, from the OP's post, the iptables rules:
iptables -I FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
iptables -I FORWARD -s 192.168.2.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -P FORWARD DROP
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If all went well, you now have internet access.
@rale00
Thanks a lot
i have Stock RC30 can i do this ?
Thanks rale00,
rale00 said:
I just managed to get an ad-hoc connection going between my phone and laptop, and NAT running on it. The steps are pretty much the same as in the first post of this thread, but in addition I made some changes to /system/etc/wifi/tiwlan.ini (make sure to keep a backup of the original).
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You can also copy tiwlan.ini to somewhere else, such as /data/local, make changes, then just specify the new file when you run wlan_loader.
wlan_loader -f /system/etc/wifi/Fw1251r1c.bin -e /proc/calibration -i /data/local/wifi/tiwlan.ini
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Also note that without running wpa_supplicant, you are going unencrypted. Using a custom wpa_supplicant.conf might work (unverified at the moment, can you try?):
My adhoc_wpa.conf
ctrl_interface=tiwlan0
update_config=1
# IBSS/ad-hoc network with WPA-None/TKIP.
network={
ssid="newtest"
mode=1
frequency=2412
proto=WPA
key_mgmt=WPA-NONE
pairwise=NONE
group=TKIP
psk="TEST545#@network"
}
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Run with:
wpa_supplicant -f -Dtiwlan0 -itiwlan0 -c/data/local/adhoc_wpa.conf &
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I tried the config you suggested for wpa_supplicant, along with a few others, but I can't seem to get a secure connection working. It tries to connect, but times out authenticating.
Maybe someone else will have some better luck with it?
I am guessing you put TEST545#@network as the key right?
But aren't the keys encrypted?
I thought so... the key is encrypted so we need to put a correct encryption as the key http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2
Wow, this is truly very cool. I am replying right now, tethered via ad hoc.
I can't connect... I am going to try it without the adhoc mode.
It seems like one logical next step would be a dhcp server.
saurik's Debian demonstration is pretty cool but I don't have the skill to get all the dependencies sorted out and cross-compile. Nevertheless, it seems possible:
http://armel-debs.applieddata.net/debian/dists/lenny/main/binary-armel/Packages.gz says:
Code:
Package: dhcp3-server
Priority: optional
Section: net
Installed-Size: 724
Maintainer: Andrew Pollock <[email protected]>
Architecture: armel
Source: dhcp3
Version: 3.1.1-5
[B]Depends: debianutils (>= 2.8.2), dhcp3-common (= 3.1.1-5), lsb-base, libc6 (>= 2.7-1), debconf (>= 0.5) | debconf-2.0[/B]
Suggests: dhcp3-server-ldap
Conflicts: dhcp
Filename: pool/main/d/dhcp3/dhcp3-server_3.1.1-5_armel.deb
Size: 338070
Somebody who can set up the proper build environment and sort out the dependencies could theoretically statically build dhcp3-server.
Awesome! Thanks for the link
Hey, I was trying to share my internet connection on my laptop with my android phone, so the android could use the laptop's internet connection via usb.
Until somebody compiles an usbnet enabled kernel into an android ROM (this would be the cleanest way), the only way I found for doing this has been emulating the "ppp over ssh" method (search google).
I know, tcp over tcp is a bad idea, but hey, it works!.
Every method I found for doing something similar is to do the opposite: share the phone internet connection with the laptop. I'd like my laptop to be the one that shares the Internet.
The idea here is quite simple:
Code:
pppd nodetach noauth nodeflate pty "ssh [email protected] pppd noauth nodetach notty" ipparam vpn 192.168.0.1:192.168.0.254
pppd in the local host can be connected to pppd in the remote host using a tcp connection, so we can have an IP tunnel between the two endpoints.
The first thing I tried was to replace the ssh part of the command with "adb shell", supposing that adb was going to respect the pipe chain, but it seems that adb doesn't connect its stdin with the shell stdin (try "echo test | adb shell cat", it simply doesn't work)
So, I made it work by using the port redirection feature in adb, and the wonderful "nc". The idea is this:
In the linux host:
Code:
# forward 12000/tcp
adb forward tcp:12000 tcp:12000
# enable routing
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# enable nat
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.254 -j MASQUERADE -o eth0
In the android device:
Code:
# delete the default route
ip r del default
# execute pppd listening in 12000/tcp
pppd nodetach noauth pty "nc -l -p 12000" defaultroute
In the linux host:
Code:
# execute pppd connected to 12000/tcp
pppd nodetach noauth nodeflate pty "nc localhost 12000" ipparam vpn 192.168.0.1:192.168.0.254
Et voilà. The android device is accessing the Internet using my laptop's ethernet connection via USB.
I'd like to develop a more user friendly method of doing this, but first I'd like to know if somebody has been working on this already.
BTW, AFAIK this is only for linux/unix users.
EDIT: Sorry, forgot to comment: for some reason, android's pppd version, when doing this kind of things, tries to allocate a pseudo tty under "/dev.pts". As this directory doesn't exists, current pppd will fail.
I had to modify pppd source to allocate the pseudo tty under "/dev/pts" instead of under "/dev.pts". I attach the modified version of the binary.
How reliable is it?
I did the same thing a few months ago, but when I ran some heavy traffic through it, the connection broke and adb started reporting the device as "offline" until re-plugged. Are you able to run heavy traffic on top of it for more than 2-3 minutes?
When I tested it for a min it worked great, but when I really needed to use it (my ADSL went offline and I tried to run my home network's traffic through the G1 via ppp), it went offline every 2-3 minutes and needed replugging.
Correction: I retested my script now, on JF 1.51, and it works reliably. With the old kernel (2.6.25) it was unreliable but with the current one it's fine. I'm tethering over it right now.
i made a script to tethering using this pppd-mod for everyone who is interested
Code:
ADB=/opt/android-sdk-1.5/tools/adb
echo "Setting up..."
$ADB shell "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"
$ADB shell "iptables -t nat -F"
$ADB shell "iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE -o rmnet0"
$ADB forward tcp:12000 tcp:12000
$ADB shell "killall pppd-mod" &> /dev/null
echo "Starting PPP daemon..."
$ADB shell "pppd-mod noauth pty 'nc -l -p 12000 '" &
sleep 5
echo "Establishing connection..."
pppd noauth nodeflate pty "nc localhost 12000" ipparam vpn 192.168.0.2:192.168.0.1
while [ "`ifconfig | grep 192.168.0.1`" == "" ]; do
sleep 1
done
route del -net 0.0.0.0 &> /dev/null
route add -net 0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.0.1
echo "nameserver 4.2.2.2" > /etc/resolv.conf
echo "Connected."
Still hoping some day regular usb networking will work :-/
mzet said:
i made a script to tethering using this pppd-mod for everyone who is interested
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Is there anything required phone-side for that to work?
juanmasg said:
Until somebody compiles an usbnet enabled kernel into an android ROM (this would be the cleanest way), the only way I found for doing this has been emulating the "ppp over ssh" method (search google).
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
skyjumper said:
Is there anything required phone-side for that to work?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I do believe Cyanogen's 3.9.1 has rudimentary support and he's working on getting it working. Of course the man appears to be on at least 3-4 completely unique vectors (quite impressive, I counted donut, samba, cyanogen mod, and usbnet) so it might be a little bit of time before we get this from him.
skyjumper said:
Is there anything required phone-side for that to work?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you have to have binary pppd-mod from first post in your $PATH on your phone and rooted phone with iptables of course
mzet said:
you have to have binary pppd-mod from first post in your $PATH on your phone and rooted phone with iptables of course
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ah, didnt even notice the first post had a file. Been looking to do this for some time. Thanks to whoever all helped to get it working.
juanmasg said:
Hey, I was trying to share my internet connection on my laptop with my android phone, so the android could use the laptop's internet connection via usb.
Until somebody compiles an usbnet enabled kernel into an android ROM (this would be the cleanest way), the only way I found for doing this has been emulating the "ppp over ssh" method (search google).
I know, tcp over tcp is a bad idea, but hey, it works!.
Every method I found for doing something similar is to do the opposite: share the phone internet connection with the laptop. I'd like my laptop to be the one that shares the Internet.
The idea here is quite simple:
Code:
pppd nodetach noauth nodeflate pty "ssh [email protected] pppd noauth nodetach notty" ipparam vpn 192.168.0.1:192.168.0.254
pppd in the local host can be connected to pppd in the remote host using a tcp connection, so we can have an IP tunnel between the two endpoints.
The first thing I tried was to replace the ssh part of the command with "adb shell", supposing that adb was going to respect the pipe chain, but it seems that adb doesn't connect its stdin with the shell stdin (try "echo test | adb shell cat", it simply doesn't work)
So, I made it work by using the port redirection feature in adb, and the wonderful "nc". The idea is this:
In the linux host:
Code:
# forward 12000/tcp
adb forward tcp:12000 tcp:12000
# enable routing
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# enable nat
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.254 -j MASQUERADE -o eth0
In the android device:
Code:
# delete the default route
ip r del default
# execute pppd listening in 12000/tcp
pppd nodetach noauth pty "nc -l -p 12000" defaultroute
In the linux host:
Code:
# execute pppd connected to 12000/tcp
pppd nodetach noauth nodeflate pty "nc localhost 12000" ipparam vpn 192.168.0.1:192.168.0.254
Et voilà. The android device is accessing the Internet using my laptop's ethernet connection via USB.
I'd like to develop a more user friendly method of doing this, but first I'd like to know if somebody has been working on this already.
BTW, AFAIK this is only for linux/unix users.
EDIT: Sorry, forgot to comment: for some reason, android's pppd version, when doing this kind of things, tries to allocate a pseudo tty under "/dev.pts". As this directory doesn't exists, current pppd will fail.
I had to modify pppd source to allocate the pseudo tty under "/dev/pts" instead of under "/dev.pts". I attach the modified version of the binary.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hello,
I have been trying your method without success. The phone and the computer can ping each other but no connection to the internet. Using wireshark I can't see anything on the eth0 when I try to ping from the phone. All I see is stuff from ppp0 and the loop back. What am I doing wrong?
Thanks
ethernet-over-usb
First, I appreciate juanmasg's initiaive on this much needed feature. thanks!
CyanogenMod thread at http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=539744 talks about experimental ethernet-over-usb functionality (see CHANGELOG for 3.9.1). I don't know how it will be used but it seems he's trying to get it to work. juanmasg can talk to cyanogen for current status and a possible integration of his methodology into his ROMs. I am monitoring his thread for any update on this feature and I just sent a tweet to cyanogen about this. he's a great developer!
With your script .I got these output
Setting up...
Starting PPP daemon...
Establishing connection...
[: 16: unexpected operator
Connected.
And it didn't work.Do you have any ideas?
Sorry for my poor English.
I use a route and the route's ip is 192.168.0.1 ,the computer's ip is 192.168.2.
I think it cause the problem but I don't know how to edit your scipt to make it works.
Hmm. Does anyone know the correct parameters to use the actual "adb ppp" command? I've searched all over the web and nobody has posted any example of how to use this command with the G1. What is the name of the tty device that we should use? etc. etc...
Never mind, I see it now in the adb source code. It's a bit useless as-is, but a small tweak would make it pretty useful. If it was changed to return an interactive_shell() session, and then invoke "pppd notty" in that session, then invoke pppd on the host, it would be a simple means of tethering over USB. The only other thing you'd need is to set up the appropriate NAT rules on either side, depending on whether you want the G1 to share the PC's network, or vice versa.
Too bad pppd insists on setting up a pseudo-tty for itself, there's no need for a tty device driver in scenarios like this.
OK, this is the patch I made to adb to make its ppp command work the way I want.
With that, invoke adb like this:
adb ppp foo notty 192.168.2.1:192.168.2.2
The <tty> parameter is no longer used; everything past the "foo" is just passed as arguments to the local pppd.
Once this is done you can set up NAT forwarding on whichever side you want.
And yes, I know this isn't a clean patch. I should make this a new command instead of usurping the existing ppp command, since presumably the original command is still useful to somebody out there. But this was just a quick hack to see if it would work, and it works great. This saves a lot of the CPU overhead of ssh / port forwarding / etc...
To use the G1's network from the PC, issue these commands on the G1:
# enable routing
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# enable nat
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.1 -j MASQUERADE -o rmnet0
(Use tiwlan0 if you want to use the G1's wifi. Not sure why you'd need to do this if the PC already has its own wifi.)
And then set the default route on the PC
route add -net default gw 192.168.2.2
I got about 15-20KB/sec download using EDGE, and about 65KB/sec download using 3G. You may want the "usepeerdns" option in your pppd options, otherwise you'll have to edit /etc/resolv.conf yourself and copy the nameservers from the G1's /system/etc/resolv.conf
To use the PC's network from the G1, just swap the appropriate parameters around. E.g.,
Issue these commands on the PC:
# enable routing
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# enable nat
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.2 -j MASQUERADE -o eth0
And issue this command on the G1
route add -net default gw 192.168.2.1
ppp over adb on G2
Hi guys,
I've take your example to do the same on my G2.
I've found some problem and some solution.
This is the script I used:
Code:
#!/bin/sh
ADB=/opt/Android/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.5_r3/tools/adb
echo "Setting up..."
$ADB shell "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"
$ADB forward tcp:12000 tcp:12000
$ADB shell "killall pppd-mod" &> /dev/null
echo "Starting PPP daemon..."
$ADB shell "pppd-mod noauth pty 'nc -l -p 12000 '" &
sleep 5
echo "Establishing connection..."
/usr/sbin/pppd noauth nodeflate pty "nc localhost 12000" ipparam vpn 192.168.0.2:192.168.0.1
while [ "`/sbin/ifconfig | grep 192.168.0.1`" == "" ]; do
sleep 1
done
$ADB shell "iproute add default dev ppp0" &
$ADB shell "iproute del default via 192.168.1.1 dev tiwlan0" &
echo "Connected."
But there is a problem on G2. If the system doesn't believe to be connected (WIFI or 3G) although it can go in internet through the ppp connection it doesn't go on internet.
So to fool it I've created a WIFI connection, not suitable for internet, and then deleted ( in the script ) the default route to tiwlan0.
Somebody know if is possible to believe to Android that it is connected when it isn't?
Bye
im on archlinux and i wanna do this :S how can i ?
i follow the guid in the first page but cant get to it :S when i do the last step on the linux host it says that nc its not a commmand .
anyone plzzz ????
Hi dear,
I don't know archlinux...
However the problem in your situation is that you have to install netcat too.
But if you need more help please tell us which problem you encounter with more detail.
Bye
Zioalex
zioalex said:
Hi dear,
I don't know archlinux...
However the problem in your situation is that you have to install netcat too.
But if you need more help please tell us which problem you encounter with more detail.
Bye
Zioalex
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
gonna try installing netcant and comment, thx !!!!
Thought this might help somebody. (Root required)
EDIT: Confirmed working on Carbon ROM 4.3/4.4
Can confirm that this works:
1) Install Crossbreeder ( http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2113150 ) This modifies the DNS implementation to make the script work like it used to in Android versions pre 4.3
2) Connect VPN (I use the Private Internet Access app)
3) Start WiFi tether
4) Run the following script as superuser(all credit goes to thantos_mehak for this post: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=39654892&postcount=31 ):
Code:
#!/system/bin/sh (you may need to confirm this is the proper path to sh, with `which sh`)
iptables -t filter -F FORWARD
iptables -t nat -F POSTROUTING
iptables -t filter -A FORWARD -j ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE
5) Connect mobile device (such as tablet) and allow it to obtain an IP address from the network before allowing Windows to connect to avoid the mobile data drop while tethering problem. Don't know why this works. Apparently something with the SGS3 and Verizon's network doesn't like to play nice with dolling out IP addresses to PCs. Connecting another Android (or other?) device before allowing your computer to connect prevents the data connection drop.
I'm tethering right now on Carbon ROM (4.3) on my Verizon SGS3.
Hope this helps!
I have a G930F running Superman ROM rooted on MM with a ported XAA CSC. I have set it up to run a VPN gateway using iptables and ip route. I am able to get tethered devices to connect to the Internet through the VPN if I manually set the IP addresses and DNS servers on the clients connecting. I do however have some devices that do not have the ability to manually set the IP and DNS servers and it's also a pain to set every device up manually. I ran a Wireshark capture and found several ARP requests not being responded to from dhcpd/dnsmasq trying to hand out ip addresses to the clients. My goal is to get DHCP up and running on wlan0 to hand out IP and DNS configuration. I suspect it is not working due to the nature of the changes I've made with iptables and ip route. I'm thinking the dhcp is being forwarded to the tun0 interface. My question is how to exclude the DHCP from being forwarded to the tun0 interface... Or if someone else can come up with a more elegant solution to my problem, as I'm currently reading up on ip and iptables syntax and commands and my current knowledge is fairly basic. The process I'm using to connect my tethered devices is as follows: connect VPN, turn on tether, run commands listed below to connect the wlan0 and tun0 interfaces and connect clients to the phone after manually setting the IP and DNS.
Code:
su
iptables -t filter -F FORWARD
iptables -t nat -F POSTROUTING
iptables -t filter -A FORWARD -j ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE
ip rule add from 192.168.43.0/24 lookup 61
ip route add default dev tun0 scope link table 61
ip route add 192.168.43.0/24 dev wlan0 scope link table 61
ip route add broadcast 255.255.255.255 dev wlan0 scope link table 61
Any help would be greatly appreciated!
SystematiQ said:
Any help would be greatly appreciated!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Did you ever get this to work nicely? I am very intrigued.
Also, what VPN software are you using? I am using NCP which does most of what I want, though it is frustrating that I can't programmatically control connection/disconnection/profile selection nor even get it to connect at boot.
This is a guide for tethering over USB Ethernet adapter. The purpose of this is to reliably USB tether to any router, without the need for a USB port or stable USB/RNDIS support(Broadcom MIPS is particularly bad). USB-OTG-ACA means the phone is powered externally while also operating in host mode. I used a cheap micro-USB Y-cable for this that lets me plug in a power source, USB Ethernet adapter, and phone together. IPv6 is supported via masquerading, so you share public IPs with your phone(thus hiding devices behind it). In this example I tether to a VPN tun0 interface, but you can tether to and from any interface you want.
This guide is targeted to more advanced users, but I included a E5 Play kernel and the files required at the bottom of this post for those who wouldn't be able to try this otherwise.
The first step is to enable the kernel IPv6 NAT table, with iptables and masquerading support. To do this I used LSM Kernel. My device is the E5 Play, steps for other devices are a little different.
https://forum.xda-developers.com/moto-e5/development/kernel-lowspecmoto-kernel-v0-1a-t3882378
These need to be set in james_defconfig. You can also enable any necessary kernel modules for your Ethernet adapter here.
Code:
CONFIG_NF_NAT_IPV6=y
CONFIG_IP6_NF_TARGET_MASQUERADE=y
CONFIG_IP6_NF_NAT=y
I had to disable the WireGuard install script and use jury_rig.sh instead, as well as fix a minor typo in the build script(misspelled and erroneous compile command) and one of the source files (extra const declaration).
The next step is to disable the IPv4 DHCP client for the Ethernet adapter's interface eth0. After a little reverse engineering, I found this state was controlled by /data/misc/ethernet/ipconfig.txt, and there is already a tool I can use to generate configurations.
https://github.com/jhswartz/ipconfigstore
I just feed it an empty static assignment and DHCP is then disabled.
Code:
ipAssignment: STATIC
id: 0
Next was to cross-compile radvd to support RA for IPv6. Modern versions of OpenWRT support spoofing so you don't need this, but everything else requires you run a RA server from the gateway device. I needed to use android-ifaddrs to get around an unsupported feature in the NDK. The version I built expects the config to exist at /sdcard/radvd.conf.
Now comes the scripting to make everything work. I made an application for this, but you can also accomplish this with something like Tasker or even run it manually.
At boot:
*Launch radvd as a root daemon
*Start your VPN
*Delete the file /sdcard/tether.state
*Execute tether.sh as root
On Intent.ACTION_POWER_CONNECTED:
*Execute tether.sh as root
tether.state keeps the script from applying NAT rules more than once, so the connection is just restored when the script is re-ran.
Code:
#!/system/bin/sh
echo 'Waiting for tether interfaces'
for waitTime in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
do
if [ -d '/sys/class/net/eth0' ] && [ -d '/sys/class/net/tun0' ] ; then break ; fi
echo "$waitTime"
sleep 1
done
sleep 2
if [ -d '/sys/class/net/eth0' ] && [ -d '/sys/class/net/tun0' ]
then
echo 'Preparing tether interface'
ip link set dev eth0 down
ip link set dev eth0 mtu 1280
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.eth0.mtu=1280
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.eth0.autoconf=0
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.eth0.accept_ra=0
ip addr flush dev eth0
echo 'Setting IP addresses'
ip -6 addr add fd00::1/64 dev eth0 scope global
ndc interface setcfg eth0 192.168.42.129 24 up
echo 'Waiting for interface to come up'
for waitTime in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
do
if [ "$(cat /sys/class/net/eth0/operstate)" = 'up' ] ; then break ; fi
echo "$waitTime"
sleep 1
done
sleep 3
ip -6 route add fd00::/64 dev eth0 src fd00::1
echo 'Enabling IP forwarding'
ndc ipfwd enable tethering
echo 'Adding marked routes'
ndc network interface add 99 eth0
ndc network route add 99 eth0 192.168.42.0/24
ndc network route add 99 eth0 fd00::/64
ndc network route add 99 eth0 fe80::/64
if [ ! -f '/sdcard/tether.state' ]
then
echo 'Setting up NAT'
touch /sdcard/tether.state
ndc nat enable eth0 tun0 99
ndc ipfwd add eth0 tun0
ip6tables -t nat -N natctrl_nat_POSTROUTING
ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j natctrl_nat_POSTROUTING
ip6tables -t nat -A natctrl_nat_POSTROUTING -o tun0 -j MASQUERADE
ip6tables -t filter -A natctrl_FORWARD -i tun0 -o eth0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -g natctrl_tether_counters
ip6tables -t filter -A natctrl_FORWARD -i eth0 -o tun0 -m state --state INVALID -j DROP
ip6tables -t filter -A natctrl_FORWARD -i eth0 -o tun0 -g natctrl_tether_counters
ip6tables -t filter -A natctrl_FORWARD -j DROP
fi
else
echo 'Skipping operation, USB not connected'
fi
eth0 is the Ethernet adapter and tun0 is the VPN interface. I also use a very similar script to do the same thing with RNDIS, you can setup all kinds of interesting tethering setups with these commands. If you want to run DHCP on the phone for use with a switch or cross-over cable or whatever, this command should work as root:
Code:
dnsmasq --keep-in-foreground --no-resolv --no-poll --dhcp-authoritative --dhcp-range=192.168.42.10,192.168.42.99,1h --dhcp-option=6,8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4 --dhcp-option-force=43,ANDROID_METERED --dhcp-leasefile=/sdcard/dnsmasq.leases --pid-file=/sdcard/dnsmasq.pid --listen-mark 0xf0063
Since this is a powered tethering setup, you probably want to use something to control charging:
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.slash.batterychargelimit&hl=en&gl=US
On the router, set it's IP to 192.168.42.1, gateway to 192.168.42.129, DNS servers, and DHCP range to 192.168.42.10-192.168.42.99. Disable IPv6 support if it has it. Don't plug anything into the WAN (yellow) port, the phone connects to LAN.
Moto E5 Play kernel with IPv6 NAT support
https://drive.google.com/file/d/15IDtuuOn60bgw5FHVnoacexe2fjzuHcg/view?usp=sharing
ipconfig.txt, radvd, radvd.conf, tether.sh
https://drive.google.com/file/d/18YL4rYyF9tFu34WI_wzBLNtiUDp9U7_a/view?usp=sharing
I wrote an app to manage this, but it still needs a bit of work to handle custom configurations.
fddm said:
This is a guide for tethering over USB Ethernet adapter. The purpose of this is to reliably USB tether to any router, without the need for a USB port or stable USB/RNDIS support(Broadcom MIPS is particularly bad). USB-OTG-ACA means the phone is powered externally while also operating in host mode. I used a cheap micro-USB Y-cable for this that lets me plug in a power source, USB Ethernet adapter, and phone together. IPv6 is supported via masquerading, so you share public IPs with your phone(thus hiding devices behind it). In this example I tether to a VPN tun0 interface, but you can tether to and from any interface you want.
This guide is targeted to more advanced users, but I included a E5 Play kernel and the files required at the bottom of this post for those who wouldn't be able to try this otherwise.
The first step is to enable the kernel IPv6 NAT table, with iptables and masquerading support. To do this I used LSM Kernel. My device is the E5 Play, steps for other devices are a little different.
https://forum.xda-developers.com/moto-e5/development/kernel-lowspecmoto-kernel-v0-1a-t3882378
These need to be set in james_defconfig. You can also enable any necessary kernel modules for your Ethernet adapter here.
Code:
CONFIG_NF_NAT_IPV6=y
CONFIG_IP6_NF_TARGET_MASQUERADE=y
CONFIG_IP6_NF_NAT=y
I had to disable the WireGuard install script and use jury_rig.sh instead, as well as fix a minor typo in the build script(misspelled and erroneous compile command) and one of the source files (extra const declaration).
The next step is to disable the IPv4 DHCP client for the Ethernet adapter's interface eth0. After a little reverse engineering, I found this state was controlled by /data/misc/ethernet/ipconfig.txt, and there is already a tool I can use to generate configurations.
https://github.com/jhswartz/ipconfigstore
I just feed it an empty static assignment and DHCP is then disabled.
Code:
ipAssignment: STATIC
id: 0
Next was to cross-compile radvd to support RA for IPv6. Modern versions of OpenWRT support spoofing so you don't need this, but everything else requires you run a RA server from the gateway device. I needed to use android-ifaddrs to get around an unsupported feature in the NDK. The version I built expects the config to exist at /sdcard/radvd.conf.
Now comes the scripting to make everything work. I made an application for this, but you can also accomplish this with something like Tasker or even run it manually.
At boot:
*Launch radvd as a root daemon
*Start your VPN
*Delete the file /sdcard/tether.state
*Execute tether.sh as root
On Intent.ACTION_POWER_CONNECTED:
*Execute tether.sh as root
tether.state keeps the script from applying NAT rules more than once, so the connection is just restored when the script is re-ran.
Code:
#!/system/bin/sh
echo 'Waiting for tether interfaces'
for waitTime in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
do
if [ -d '/sys/class/net/eth0' ] && [ -d '/sys/class/net/tun0' ] ; then break ; fi
echo "$waitTime"
sleep 1
done
sleep 2
if [ -d '/sys/class/net/eth0' ] && [ -d '/sys/class/net/tun0' ]
then
echo 'Preparing tether interface'
ip link set dev eth0 down
ip link set dev eth0 mtu 1280
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.eth0.mtu=1280
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.eth0.autoconf=0
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.eth0.accept_ra=0
ip addr flush dev eth0
echo 'Setting IP addresses'
ip -6 addr add fd00::1/64 dev eth0 scope global
ndc interface setcfg eth0 192.168.42.129 24 up
echo 'Waiting for interface to come up'
for waitTime in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
do
if [ "$(cat /sys/class/net/eth0/operstate)" = 'up' ] ; then break ; fi
echo "$waitTime"
sleep 1
done
sleep 3
ip -6 route add fd00::/64 dev eth0 src fd00::1
echo 'Enabling IP forwarding'
ndc ipfwd enable tethering
echo 'Adding marked routes'
ndc network interface add 99 eth0
ndc network route add 99 eth0 192.168.42.0/24
ndc network route add 99 eth0 fd00::/64
ndc network route add 99 eth0 fe80::/64
if [ ! -f '/sdcard/tether.state' ]
then
echo 'Setting up NAT'
touch /sdcard/tether.state
ndc nat enable eth0 tun0 99
ndc ipfwd add eth0 tun0
ip6tables -t nat -N natctrl_nat_POSTROUTING
ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j natctrl_nat_POSTROUTING
ip6tables -t nat -A natctrl_nat_POSTROUTING -o tun0 -j MASQUERADE
ip6tables -t filter -A natctrl_FORWARD -i tun0 -o eth0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -g natctrl_tether_counters
ip6tables -t filter -A natctrl_FORWARD -i eth0 -o tun0 -m state --state INVALID -j DROP
ip6tables -t filter -A natctrl_FORWARD -i eth0 -o tun0 -g natctrl_tether_counters
ip6tables -t filter -A natctrl_FORWARD -j DROP
fi
else
echo 'Skipping operation, USB not connected'
fi
eth0 is the Ethernet adapter and tun0 is the VPN interface. I also use a very similar script to do the same thing with RNDIS, you can setup all kinds of interesting tethering setups with these commands. If you want to run DHCP on the phone for use with a switch or cross-over cable or whatever, this command should work as root:
Code:
dnsmasq --keep-in-foreground --no-resolv --no-poll --dhcp-authoritative --dhcp-range=192.168.42.10,192.168.42.99,1h --dhcp-option=6,8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4 --dhcp-option-force=43,ANDROID_METERED --dhcp-leasefile=/sdcard/dnsmasq.leases --pid-file=/sdcard/dnsmasq.pid --listen-mark 0xf0063
Since this is a powered tethering setup, you probably want to use something to control charging:
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.slash.batterychargelimit&hl=en&gl=US
On the router, set it's IP to 192.168.42.1, gateway to 192.168.42.129, DNS servers, and DHCP range to 192.168.42.10-192.168.42.99. Disable IPv6 support if it has it. Don't plug anything into the WAN (yellow) port, the phone connects to LAN.
Moto E5 Play kernel with IPv6 NAT support
https://drive.google.com/file/d/15IDtuuOn60bgw5FHVnoacexe2fjzuHcg/view?usp=sharing
ipconfig.txt, radvd, radvd.conf, tether.sh
https://drive.google.com/file/d/18YL4rYyF9tFu34WI_wzBLNtiUDp9U7_a/view?usp=sharing
I wrote an app to manage this, but it still needs a bit of work to handle custom configurations.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
For those who don't have a kernel with the network modules you've mentioned, but want to get ipv6 working (thinking of Tmobile) and have access to openwrt router, would adding the mentioned ip6tables command work?
In my router, I added something like this,
ip6tables -t mangle -I POSTROUTING -o usb0 -j HL --hl-set 65
but ipv6 connection didn't work. If I remove that line from the router firewall, then ipv6 connection works but it counts as tethered.
aznxwill said:
For those who don't have a kernel with the network modules you've mentioned, but want to get ipv6 working (thinking of Tmobile) and have access to openwrt router, would adding the mentioned ip6tables command work?
In my router, I added something like this,
ip6tables -t mangle -I POSTROUTING -o usb0 -j HL --hl-set 65
but ipv6 connection didn't work. If I remove that line from the router firewall, then ipv6 connection works but it counts as tethered.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
One option is to use your phone's native tether and set up IPv6 nat on your router. This will make your iptables rule work and only requires provisioning and dun bypasses on the phone. The downside is your tethered traffic will go through a separate IPv6 address from your phone, so it's more risky.
The other option is to proxy, but getting UDP support is a real hurdle. Ideas are porting Shadowsocks or one of those Socks5 proxies written in Go. Adding UDP support to microsocks is also possible, but way more work. You'd use the Shadowsocks client or transocks-wong on the router to serve clients with no knowledge of the proxy.
Edit: also, what phone/rom/router are you working with?
fddm said:
One option is to use your phone's native tether and set up IPv6 nat on your router. This will make your iptables rule work and only requires provisioning and dun bypasses on the phone. The downside is your tethered traffic will go through a separate IPv6 address from your phone, so it's more risky.
The other option is to proxy, but getting UDP support is a real hurdle. Ideas are porting Shadowsocks or one of those Socks5 proxies written in Go. Adding UDP support to microsocks is also possible, but way more work. You'd use the Shadowsocks client or transocks-wong on the router to serve clients with no knowledge of the proxy.
Edit: also, what phone/rom/router are you working with?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'm working with OnePlus 8 (phone) + GL.iNET MT-1300 (router) on TMO network.
I am able to get USB tethering to work with the router for IPv4. My setup is as follows:
Phone (USB) <---> MT-1300 (router) <---> clients (PC/phones/TVs)
For IPv4, I added the following line to router firewall:
iptables -t mangle -I POSTROUTING -o usb0 -j TTL --ttl-set 65
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Currently trying to figure out IPv6...
This is the guide to enable nat6 on openwrt:
NAT66 and IPv6 masquerading
NAT66 and IPv6 masquerading This article relies on the following: * Accessing web interface / command-line interface * Managing configs / packages / services / logs Introduction * This how-to describes the method for setting up NAT66 aka NAT6 with IPv6 masquerading on your OpenWrt...
openwrt.org
Make sure usb0 is bridged to wan, not lan. Then your iptables rule will work.