Related
So I was on CleanROM 5.6 and wanted to give 10.1 a shot. I made a backup and downloaded it to my computer via the ROMManager tool. I ran into 2 issues with 10.1 and decided I'd try again later, so I wanted to flash back to my CleanROM backup that I'd just made. Whether via ROMManager or going straight into recovery the process says it can't open the path to the file. I say the path, as this has occurred with the zip image on internal memory and when I've tried on the SD card.
Soooo, now I'm pretty stuck. Thoughts? I felt like it must have related to the new 4.2 file structure but again, this was an issue whether my zip was on internal memory or the card.
Thanks,
BH
The exact process is:
installing [path]
finding update package.
opending update package.
e: cant open [path] (bad)
installation aborted
CWM says it's leaving a log file but I am not seeing it.
Sounds like your filesystem is like this: "/sdcard/0" and if it is, then do the following:
use Root Explorer or a similar program and navigate to /sdcard/0/ press Menu should give you an option for Multi-Select, select all the folders/files in the /0/ directory, hit menu or down on the bottom choose Move (again depends on the browser) back up one level to the main /sdcard/ directory, and hit Paste. It will tell you there is files with the same information (because the ROM rebuilt the file structure) choose Merge, and let it do its thing. Depending on how many files you have, it may take a little while, just be patient.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
taken verbatim from here:
http://rootzwiki.com/topic/37316-protip-42-and-recoveries/
I'm going to give it a shot now. I wouldn't have thought this would be an issue restoring since the zip was accessible and I even tried flashing from internal mem, but perhaps it's not as much as issue of reading the file as knowing where to extract the data? We'll see.
All in all, if I could just get 10.1 to stop giving me market errors (920) I'd probably just stick with that at the moment. Alas, have tried all of the interweb's solutions for that too.
Will update, thanks.
So I don't have a /0/ dir on the card, but I do have a /1/. Tried moving the contents of /1/ but it failed. May try another file explorer app (this was via CMs). Interestingly, I was able to flash a ClearnROM install zip, which is 4.1.1 based. Why would that work but the constructed backups wouldn't?
update: I can flash anything else regardless of location, and I am using the latest recovery. def seems like something specific to zip backups made/downloaded via the newest means in ROM Manager
monorailmedic said:
So I don't have a /0/ dir on the card, but I do have a /1/. Tried moving the contents of /1/ but it failed. May try another file explorer app (this was via CMs). Interestingly, I was able to flash a ClearnROM install zip, which is 4.1.1 based. Why would that work but the constructed backups wouldn't?
update: I can flash anything else regardless of location, and I am using the latest recovery. def seems like something specific to zip backups made/downloaded via the newest means in ROM Manager
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well if the rom zip is on /sdcard or /extsdcard then it will flash fine. If your backups are on /sdcard/1/ then that's literally the same as /0/. Recovery is looking for your Nandroid backup on /sdcard but it's not there, it's actually been unnecessarily moved to /sdcard/1/ if I'm understanding you correctly. You will not be able to restore a nandroid until you get those files moved back to the proper file path.
Sent from my SCH-I535 using xda app-developers app
SlimSnoopOS said:
Well if the rom zip is on /sdcard or /extsdcard then it will flash fine. If your backups are on /sdcard/1/ then that's literally the same as /0/. Recovery is looking for your Nandroid backup on /sdcard but it's not there, it's actually been unnecessarily moved to /sdcard/1/ if I'm understanding you correctly. You will not be able to restore a nandroid until you get those files moved back to the proper file path.
Sent from my SCH-I535 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I have a similar problem with my file system after flashing from 4.2 back to 4.1 that has me confused.
I flashed to a TW rom after being on CM10.1, and I was using the most recent TWRP when I originally flashed CM10.1. I had the usual problem that everybody seems to have being that the "0" folder was located on my card. I copied the fold over to my normal sdcard folder (unfortunately I used root browser instead of root explorer, which made this much more painful as it does not have the "merge" ability. Root Explorer - accept no substitutes)
After doing the merge though, I have 2 problems.
#1 - My external SDcard is now listed under "storage."
#2 - There is an Sdcard there called "sdcard0 as well as a "extSdCard" in this storage folder with all the same information as the original "0" folder that was on the internal sdcard. Also a bunch of folders named UsbDriveA, UsbDriveB, etc.
Why did this happen? And how should I set up my folders so that it behaves properly? In other words, what does a normal file system look like?
SlimSnoopOS said:
...Recovery is looking for your Nandroid backup on /sdcard but it's not there, it's actually been unnecessarily moved to /sdcard/1/ if I'm understanding you correctly. You will not be able to restore a nandroid until you get those files moved back to the proper file path...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
So this is where I am confused, does the zip not contain all of the appropriate backup data within itself, and it is looking elsewhere (in the wrong path) for backup data? This seems odd based on the whole idea as well as the size of the file. If this is not the case, when why is whatever scripting is included in the backup looking for an absolute and not a relative path to the data? It should always be relative to the location of the zip file itself.
I really want to try and understand this.
PeterGunz said:
I have a similar problem with my file system after flashing from 4.2 back to 4.1 that has me confused.
I flashed to a TW rom after being on CM10.1, and I was using the most recent TWRP when I originally flashed CM10.1. I had the usual problem that everybody seems to have being that the "0" folder was located on my card. I copied the fold over to my normal sdcard folder (unfortunately I used root browser instead of root explorer, which made this much more painful as it does not have the "merge" ability. Root Explorer - accept no substitutes)
After doing the merge though, I have 2 problems.
#1 - My external SDcard is now listed under "storage."
#2 - There is an Sdcard there called "sdcard0 as well as a "extSdCard" in this storage folder with all the same information as the original "0" folder that was on the internal sdcard. Also a bunch of folders named UsbDriveA, UsbDriveB, etc.
Why did this happen? And how should I set up my folders so that it behaves properly? In other words, what does a normal file system look like?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
See my attached photo for what your file system should look like. I'm using ES File Explorer and that's my file system.
What do you mean your external SDcard is listed under Settings/Storage? Both of mine are listed, internal storage is first then my external sd card is second. Care to screenshot what you mean?
monorailmedic said:
So this is where I am confused, does the zip not contain all of the appropriate backup data within itself, and it is looking elsewhere (in the wrong path) for backup data? This seems odd based on the whole idea as well as the size of the file. If this is not the case, when why is whatever scripting is included in the backup looking for an absolute and not a relative path to the data? It should always be relative to the location of the zip file itself.
I really want to try and understand this.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you're using CWM, it saves your backups for internal sd card in: /sdcard/CWM/backup and blobs. For your external sd card, it's saved /extsdcard/CWM/backups and blobs. If you flashed any AOSP 4.2 rom, it moves EVERYTHING from your /sdcard/ path to /sdcard/0. See the difference? Example, your music should be in this path /sdcard/Music but instead it's been moved to /sdcard/0/Music on AOSP 4.2. I get what you're saying how it should be looking for where the zip is BUT the multi-user support completely disrupts our entire thinking of how our file system should be because one user could be "rooted" whereas the other user would be completely stock depending on who signed in. It's too early to expect this to just work since Google introduced this in 4.2. It's a take it or leave it thing.
Sent from my SCH-I535 using xda app-developers app
For a standard backup that makes total sense. My confusion is how this happens with a zip, when all of the backup data is confined to that one archive file (or at least should be).
monorailmedic said:
For a standard backup that makes total sense. My confusion is how this happens with a zip, when all of the backup data is confined to that one archive file (or at least should be).
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
When you made a backup with Rom Manager, it saved to /sdcard, since flashing 4.2, everything on /sdcard moved to /sdcard/1/... Rom Manager and any app honestly would have issues when the file location has changed suddenly and without its express permission. It's not the fault of Rom Manager that it can't find the file to restore your backup. Having an updated TWRP or CWM is supposed to help prevent the /sdcard contents from being merged to /sdcard/0, its not supposed to continue looking for the "new" file destination.
SlimSnoopOS said:
See my attached photo for what your file system should look like. I'm using ES File Explorer and that's my file system.
What do you mean your external SDcard is listed under Settings/Storage? Both of mine are listed, internal storage is first then my external sd card is second. Care to screenshot what you mean?
Sent from my SCH-I535 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Sorry, I can see what I said was confusing.
On the root of my device, among the usual folders, there is one named "sdcard" and another named "storage."
In the "sdcard" folder, all of the folders were empty; however, there is a folder named "0" which contained all of my sdcard contents from my internal sdcard.
In the "storage" folder from the root of my file system, it resembles what you have in your screenshot, except there are no asec and obb folders. In the sdcard folder is a replica of the 0 folder. It contains everything that was in my original internal sdcard. The extsdcard contains everything normally found on my external sd card.
When download something with the stock browser, it defaults to the sdcard folder on the root of file system.
I've attached some screenshots. Let me know what you think and thank you for the help.
PeterGunz said:
Sorry, I can see what I said was confusing.
On the root of my device, among the usual folders, there is one named "sdcard" and another named "storage."
In the "sdcard" folder, all of the folders were empty; however, there is a folder named "0" which contained all of my sdcard contents from my internal sdcard.
In the "storage" folder from the root of my file system, it resembles what you have in your screenshot, except there are no asec and obb folders. In the sdcard folder is a replica of the 0 folder. It contains everything that was in my original internal sdcard. The extsdcard contains everything normally found on my external sd card.
When download something with the stock browser, it defaults to the sdcard folder on the root of file system.
I've attached some screenshots. Let me know what you think and thank you for the help.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Oh! This is actually funny, we've been looking at the same thing from two different viewpoints. I see what you mean, /Storage and /sdcard are perfectly normal when you see them on the absolute root file system: "/". I always go to /mnt, that's where I have my file explorer default to open when I launch the app. Sdcard0 = sdcard, and various apps will use the names interchangeably. I have exactly the same paths /sdcard and /Storage, and I do see /Storage/sdcard0 and /Storage/extsdcard along with the same empty USB Drive folders. This is just how the "/" directory is split up. There isn't a duplication of files taking up more space than necessary, it's just showing you another path to get to those files. To reiterate, on "/" you can get to your sdcard contents in at least three paths: /mnt, /sdcard, and also /Storage/sdcard0
All that matters is the /sdcard/0 aka /Storage/sdcard0/0 is GONE. Which, in your original post you said no longer exists correct?
Sent from my SCH-I535 using xda app-developers app
I am still not understanding how there is a problem with executing a zip file that contains all the backup data. It doesn't matter where I move this zip file, as it seems it should be all inclusive of the backup data. Why does it matter the path of this file? What is the script looking for during restoration? Shouldn't it be looking within the archive?
I'm sorry, I feel like a tool, but again, I'm obviously missing some very basic part of what is happening when the file is accessed. As it is all inclusive, why is recovery looking for content anywhere outside of the archive?
monorailmedic said:
I am still not understanding how there is a problem with executing a zip file that contains all the backup data. It doesn't matter where I move this zip file, as it seems it should be all inclusive of the backup data. Why does it matter the path of this file? What is the script looking for during restoration? Shouldn't it be looking within the archive?
I'm sorry, I feel like a tool, but again, I'm obviously missing some very basic part of what is happening when the file is accessed. As it is all inclusive, why is recovery looking for content anywhere outside of the archive?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Backups cannot be flashed like other ZIP files. They need to be restored using the restore function of your recovery. The problem is that the CWM restore function is looking for its backups where it puts them (not surprisingly). Android 4.2 moved them to another location and you need to move them back.
SlimSnoopOS said:
Oh! This is actually funny, we've been looking at the same thing from two different viewpoints. I see what you mean, /Storage and /sdcard are perfectly normal when you see them on the absolute root file system: "/". I always go to /mnt, that's where I have my file explorer default to open when I launch the app. Sdcard0 = sdcard, and various apps will use the names interchangeably. I have exactly the same paths /sdcard and /Storage, and I do see /Storage/sdcard0 and /Storage/extsdcard along with the same empty USB Drive folders. This is just how the "/" directory is split up. There isn't a duplication of files taking up more space than necessary, it's just showing you another path to get to those files. To reiterate, on "/" you can get to your sdcard contents in at least three paths: /mnt, /sdcard, and also /Storage/sdcard0
All that matters is the /sdcard/0 aka /Storage/sdcard0/0 is GONE. Which, in your original post you said no longer exists correct?
Sent from my SCH-I535 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Correct!
You helped me solve my problem. I was so confused for awhile there.
What should I rename my sdcard after copying everything over from "0"?
I just flashed back to 4.2.1 (AOLP) and I cannot find the contents of my internal sdcard anywhere. In fact, when I check storage on the system settings it only shows that I have a little over 12gbs total space on the internal sdcard. The 8gb I have on TW on the internal sdcard are not recognized by the rom. Any thoughts?
So i've been trying to research this problem for hours now. Ive jumped around a bunch of different roms since owning this gs3. MIUI 4.1 - Aokp 4.2.1 and currently synergy 4.1.2. I think since flashing aokp 4.2 that i get that "0" file when looking for files and such. I can tap "0" like 4-5 times to finally get into the files i want. I'm not sure if this is where my problem is coming from?
Let me say i don't have ANY backups. Im running clockwork and wiped,reset,cache all of that multiple times. I have ZERO apps installed and only a handful of pictures. My internal memory says its full and i get a warning at the top saying that my internal storage is to the max and that some programs might not respond. The bulk of GB used is in the "misc" folder. I've seen other people with this issue but it seems the only fix is to re-format the internal memory and LOSE EVERYTHING. I'm sure someone here can help :/
You delete all those roms you downloaded after flashing them?
Sent from my SCH-I535 using xda app-developers app
Install Disk Usage (if you have the space <grin>) and see what it says is taking up the space:
I feel as though it has something to do with the emulated "0" folders. I have literally 5 of them. I downloaded disk usage and it shows 5 different "0" folders.
Out of pure frustration, I went into the second "0" folder in file manager and deleted it. That in-turn must of deleted the other "0" folders? That free up 7 GB. My pictures and videos are still there but im wondering what else it deleted? It seemed like things would get stored in each of those "0" folders seperatly.
dincfool said:
I feel as though it has something to do with the emulated "0" folders. I have literally 5 of them. I downloaded disk usage and it shows 5 different "0" folders.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ah, yes, the joys of 4.2. I've never flashed a 4.2 ROM, so take what I say with a grain of salt. It's my understanding that when you flash 4.2, it takes everything on the internal SD (/data/media/ folder) and puts it into that "0" folder (part of that whole separate user accounts "feature"). So, if you've installed, let's say five, 4.2 Roms, then that info will have been copied 5 times and put into nested "0" folders.
If it were me, I'd run a nandroid and put it on my external sd. I'd also run a TiBu (under preferences you can switch default location to external sd). Once you're sure you have those, I'd copy whatever data you want to save from the internal (DCIM folder, music, etc) and move it to computer or external sd.
Have a copy of synergy on the external and go into CWM and wipe the internal SD card (mounts -> wipe system, wipe data, wipe cache, wipe internal sd), then reinstall synergy, restore from TiBu and you should be golden.
^^
That sounds about right. Man this right here is enough for me to never want to go to 4.2 until I have too. Is the easiest way to transfer all my files to external SD through a computer? Where abouts in the phone do you transfer/or assign your files to an external SD?
dincfool said:
^^
That sounds about right. Man this right here is enough for me to never want to go to 4.2 until I have too. Is the easiest way to transfer all my files to external SD through a computer? Where abouts in the phone do you transfer/or assign your files to an external SD?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Have you installed Android SDK on your computer (ever used adb commands via command prompt)?
Edit: if you open up your phone in windows explorer, you should see 2 folders: Phone and Card (or something like that). You can drag the files from Phone to Card and they'll be on the external SD.
letinsh said:
Have you installed Android SDK on your computer (ever used adb commands via command prompt)?
Edit: if you open up your phone in windows explorer, you should see 2 folders: Phone and Card (or something like that). You can drag the files from Phone to Card and they'll be on the external SD.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Gotcha, i'll try that. I have a feeling once more people start running 4.2 they're going to run into this problem as well.
If you do have the SDK set up, a faster way to do it (if you're moving a butt-load of data) is to open a command prompt on the computer and navigate to where you want the data. For instance, I use C:\Backups. I'll then create a 2 folders within Backups (one for internal and one for external sd) and give them the date as a name. For instance, C:\Backups\Internal_2_5 and C:\Backups\External_2_5.
Then I'll be in C:\Backups and issue these commands:
Code:
adb pull /data/media/ Internal_2_5
adb pull /external_sd/ External_2_5
Depending on how much data you're moving, it could take awhile. Now, you could pick and choose what you want to pull:
Code:
adb pull /data/media/DCIM Internal_2_5/DCIM
would only pull that DCIM folder.
When I dump all of it, I'll wipe everything, install my rom, get it all up and going, then go through each of those backup folders and delete the stuff that's not "mine" (ie the Android folder(since your new rom built it's own folder), etc), then I'll push it back to the phone:
Code:
adb push Internal_2_5 /data/media/
adb push External_2_5 /external_sd/
Clean wipe, clean install, and all the data that I wanted back.
(fair warning, if your cards are full, that push pull commands could take several hours...)
So the other day while flashing from AOKP to CM11, it came to my attention that there are files on my phone that I can seemingly only see from my recovery. While finding the zip to flash in CWM(Which was in my downloads folder) , I noticed that I have to go through another /0/ folder to get to my actual downloads folder. Before that, there's another Downloads folder, along with a whole bunch of other stuff I must have downloaded a while back. It looks like an old version of my phone's data. There was even a flashable early CM10 rom on there.
I get the feeling this stuff is part of the reason my phone always seems to only have around a gig or two of space open despite it's 16GB capacity and the fact that all of my 40-some apps are under 100MB. It's irritating me to no end to know there are folders I can't access and delete on my phone. Anybody have any suggestions as to how to get rid of this stuff. The several times I've reset and deleted cache to flash a rom seems not to have done anything.
On a side note, really enjoying CM11!
You can thank Google for your troubles. With the 4.2 update Google introduced Multi-User. Basically its like it is Windows where you can have multiple user accounts and each user gets their own profile folder. This is what Google did essentially. The 0 folder is "User1" basically. The files are fine where they are at. They want cause any issues. But if you would like just hook your phone to your PC. Take everything out of the "0" folder and move the file to the root of your internal SDcard. Notice I said Internal SDCard (aka SDCard0) not root of system.
Sent from my SCH-I535 using Tapatalk
Currently running CROMi-Xeno 5.2 . I have downloaded a couple of ROMs, and they go to the default Downloads directory. However, when I boot to TWRP, I navigate to sdcard/downloads and I see a bunch of old .zip ROM files, but not my new ones. It's like I have two different /sdcard mount points or something. Any ideas?? Thanks.
dwcasey said:
Currently running CROMi-Xeno 5.2 . I have downloaded a couple of ROMs, and they go to the default Downloads directory. However, when I boot to TWRP, I navigate to sdcard/downloads and I see a bunch of old .zip ROM files, but not my new ones. It's like I have two different /sdcard mount points or something. Any ideas?? Thanks.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Maybe you have both Downloads and downloads and are looking in the wrong one?
Are you sure that you are on the right card? You can switch between internal storage and external storage by clicking the words
can't find downloaded ROMs
sbdags said:
Are you sure that you are on the right card? You can switch between internal storage and external storage by clicking the words
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
From TWRP, I tried internal and external. It's weird, because in TWRP, I have a Download ( only one Download directory, not another download ) and I see older ROMs I've downloaded. But while it's running...if I plug into my laptop, I see only two ROMs, CROMi-X DEODEX 5.2.3_Signed.zip and CROMi-X DEODEX 5.2.4_Signed.zip, which I've just downloaded.
Disconnect USB from laptop, on tablet, using file manager, browse to /sdcard/Download, I see what I saw while it was plugged in, just the two ROMs. When connected to my laptop, I even created a new directory called ROMs.
I have a formatted ( to 200MB FAT ) MicroSD to use with Data2SD...which shouldn't cause any issues.
So now rebooting to TWRP, I select Install and see "Storage: Internal Storage", scroll down to select Download, and I see all my old ROM downloads, not the two new ones I mentioned above. And I don't see my new ROMs directory.
If I select Storage at the top, my options are Internal Storage and my MicroSD card.
If I go back to the main menu, then go to Mount, these are checked MicroSDcard, Data, Cache and System is not.
Any idears?
dwcasey said:
From TWRP, I tried internal and external. It's weird, because in TWRP, I have a Download ( only one Download directory, not another download ) and I see older ROMs I've downloaded. But while it's running...if I plug into my laptop, I see only two ROMs, CROMi-X DEODEX 5.2.3_Signed.zip and CROMi-X DEODEX 5.2.4_Signed.zip, which I've just downloaded.
Disconnect USB from laptop, on tablet, using file manager, browse to /sdcard/Download, I see what I saw while it was plugged in, just the two ROMs. When connected to my laptop, I even created a new directory called ROMs.
I have a formatted ( to 200MB FAT ) MicroSD to use with Data2SD...which shouldn't cause any issues.
So now rebooting to TWRP, I select Install and see "Storage: Internal Storage", scroll down to select Download, and I see all my old ROM downloads, not the two new ones I mentioned above. And I don't see my new ROMs directory.
If I select Storage at the top, my options are Internal Storage and my MicroSD card.
If I go back to the main menu, then go to Mount, these are checked MicroSDcard, Data, Cache and System is not.
Any idears?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well, if you are on Data2SD, your data partition is on your microSD. So the directory /sdcard/ is also on your microSD. Your internal storage is /sdcardi/. But TWRP doesn't know anything about Data2SD. It's treating your /sdcardi/ as /sdcard/ and it doesn't recognize the ext4 partition on your microSD, just the fat32 partition.
Copy the new rom to your internal storage or to the fat32 partition of the microSD (actually, if your fat32 is only 200mb, it's too small for the rom zip) and you'll see it in TWRP
Hi all,
I recently upgraded my Blaze to CyanogenMod (v11 nightly), now my apps (Camera, Swiftkey, etc.) do not recognize my SD card. I was running stock before this.
In File Manager:
- I can view the external sd card at \storage\sdcard1.
- It appears there is an internal sd card as well at \storage\sdcard0
- There is a folder called \sdcard which appears to link to \storage\sdcard0
- There is a folder called \external_sd which links to \storage\sdcard1
- sdcard0 is empty
I believe this to be a mounting issue, but if it is I cannot figure out the correct mount command in terminal emulator. Thanks for your help in advance.
I know this is nearly a year later, but I ran into this exact same problem while trying to flash an old phone. I was fortunately able to figure out to fix it, and I'm posting this for the sake of anyone else who might have trouble with it as well.
I initially noticed the problem while attempting to download and open files, which kept giving me an error that the files couldn't be located. Using a file manager, I noticed the directories that the OP described above. I believe the internal storage for the Blaze is 4GB, which is partitioned into two parts: one for app data, and the other for user downloads, pictures, etc. I realized that I only saw one of the partitions being displayed on the storage settings screen. Connecting via USB to my computer didn't show any internal storage; I couldn't access any files from the phone besides the ones on my external microSD card.
I booted into my previously-installed ClockworkMod v6.0.4.8 (by holding the volume keys + power, letting go of power after the Samsung splash screen) and went into the 'mounts and storage 'menu, scrolled down, and clicked on the 'mount USB storage' option while connected to my computer. Surprisingly, the internal storage was recognized (specifically the partition containing user data) and I was able to pull all of my files from there that I thought I previously wiped when I went to flash Cyanogenmod 10.2. Somehow, those files were still retained. Now, I'm not exactly sure what happened, but I think all this previous data, which didn't get wiped, prevented the new ROM from mounting this partition (sdcard0), and perhaps led to a path/directory issue when I went to download and open things from it. For some reason, as the OP noted, the sdcard0 storage showed up as empty when I used a file manager app to look inside.
I deleted the files from this mounted storage via my computer, then went back to the 'mounts and storage menu' and formatted the /storage/sdcard0 storage with the 'default' setting to wipe that partition. Then, I wiped user data, cache, and dalvik cache, and let my phone reboot. I did not reflash Cyanogenmod 10.2 after, and I was able to boot into my phone and setup my phone. (I'm not sure if you have to reflash your ROM, but I was able to boot up to a fresh setup without it). I am now able to see both internal storage partitions displayed on my storage setting, use a file manager to see the files in sdcard0, and download and open files.
Hope this helps.