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recovery mode not working

Ok, so I was trying to reflash the modified rc30 update to start from scratch because when trying to do the auto rotate browser tweak I kept getting the not enough space message. I rebooted into recovery mode thinking all I had to do was run the update and it didn't do it. I thought maybe I needed to reflash the modified recovery image so I did that, but now when I reboot into recovery mode I get the G1 logo and then a blank screen. I tried pushing home+back to restart and get nothing. So I used adb to push the recovery image on the device and I get "no space left on device" Tried doing a factory reset and it hangs up on a blank screen there too. can I just wipe the data partition to fix it then reflash the recovery image to the device? The phone works fine, I just can't do anything with recovery. Can someone help me out here in getting back recovery mode? Thanks

When you tried to push the recovery image, did you do so to the sdcard?
I am referencing these pages:
http://android-dls.com/wiki/index.php?title=Keeping_Root
http://code.google.com/android/reference/adb.html

Just remount /system as rw and adb push the recovery.img directly in. Also, if you have the engineering bootloader installed, you could try using fastboot to reflash the recovery partition from the bootloader.

doesn't mount -o remount,rw /dev/block/mtdblock3 /system remount the system as rw? That's what i've been doing, and still says device full. I went in and tried by putting the file on the sd card and then flashing it but get the same message. I don't have the engineering bootloader yet that was next on my list. Is there a way to see what is on my partition so I can remove things to free up space?

jdwme said:
doesn't mount -o remount,rw /dev/block/mtdblock3 /system remount the system as rw? That's what i've been doing, and still says device full. I went in and tried by putting the file on the sd card and then flashing it but get the same message. I don't have the engineering bootloader yet that was next on my list. Is there a way to see what is on my partition so I can remove things to free up space?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you're on RC30 v1.2 put the recovery.img in /data not /system

so then my it should look like this?
mount -o remount,rw /dev/block/mtdblock3 /data
cd /data
cat /sdcard/recovery_testkeys.img > recovery.img
flash_image recovery recovery.img

jdwme said:
so then my it should look like this?
mount -o remount,rw /dev/block/mtdblock3 /data
cd /data
cat /sdcard/recovery_testkeys.img > recovery.img
flash_image recovery recovery.img
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
mtd3 is system. mtd5 is userdata. Don't execute that first step! userdata partition is rw anyway. Just start with step 2.

ok, i did execute the first step in the terminal emulator, is that bad? i will try it now starting with just cd /data

jdwme said:
ok, i did execute the first step in the terminal emulator, is that bad? i will try it now starting with just cd /data
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Not sure. What do you get if you type mount with no args in the terminal emu?

nothing, it just goes to the next line and lets me enter in the next step. is there a way to flash from the standard bootloader?

jdwme said:
nothing, it just goes to the next line and lets me enter in the next step. is there a way to flash from the standard bootloader?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Really? What it should do is return a list of mounted devices, like so (this is a Mod RC30 v1.2 device):
Code:
# mount
rootfs on / type rootfs (ro)
tmpfs on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,mode=600)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
tmpfs on /sqlite_stmt_journals type tmpfs (rw,size=4096k)
/dev/block/mtdblock3 on /system type yaffs2 (ro)
/dev/block/loop0 on /system/modules type cramfs (ro)
/dev/block/loop1 on /system/xbin type cramfs (ro)
/dev/block/mtdblock5 on /data type yaffs2 (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/block/mtdblock4 on /cache type yaffs2 (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/block/mmcblk0p1 on /sdcard type vfat (rw,dirsync,nosuid,nodev,noexec,uid=1000,gid=1000,fmask=0711,dmask=0700,codepage=cp437,iocharset=iso8859-1,utf8)
Stock bootloader can't be used to flash images to the mtd partitions.

ok i misunderstood, i did type just mount now and it shows what you posted. could i have two modified recovery images on there and it cant pick one so thats causing the problem?

Did you change directory to /data? If you can't get it to work from the terminal, as long as you have the recovery.img in /data, just power the G1 off completely and power it back on. It automatically writes the recovery partition every time you cold boot.
Btw make sure that in the mount report the following two lines read exactly as such:
Code:
/dev/block/mtdblock3 on /system type yaffs2 (ro)
/dev/block/mtdblock5 on /data type yaffs2 (rw,nosuid,nodev)

yeah the mount report shows just that. i have cold rebooted everytime i tried to flash, then powered off and tried to boot back up in recovery mode and it doesnt work, gives the g1 logo then screen is black.

jdwme said:
yeah the mount report shows just that. i have cold rebooted everytime i tried to flash, then powered off and tried to boot back up in recovery mode and it doesnt work, gives the g1 logo then screen is black.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
On your cold reboots were you seeing the flashing screen (arrow onto chip) before booting into Android?

nope, only showed that when i was able to upgrade to modified rc 30 or run the update in recovery mode

jdwme said:
nope, only showed that when i was able to upgrade to modified rc 30 or run the update in recovery mode
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Are you sure you have the recovery.img in the /data directory? Strange. Maybe someone else has some ideas about whats going on here?

So I decided to show all my partitions listed on the system using cat
/proc/partitions and this is what I got. Does this look normal? Not sure
what it looks like on anyone else device
major minor #blocks name
7 0 2248 loop0
7 1 3176 loop1
31 0 256 mtdblock0
31 1 5120 mtdblock1
31 2 2560 mtdblock2
31 3 69120 mtdblock3
31 4 69120 mtdblock4
31 5 76544 mtdblock5
179 0 7977472 mmcblk0
179 1 7973376 mmcblk0p1
I pushed it to the data directory before, followed the instruction thread, but using oi file manager recovery.omg shows in system, nothing shows in data

so does anyone have any ideas? I was thinking about going back to rc29 to try and fix this but without being able to get recovery mode to come on I can't do it, I also can't flash over to the dev boot loader

jdwme said:
so does anyone have any ideas? I was thinking about going back to rc29 to try and fix this but without being able to get recovery mode to come on I can't do it, I also can't flash over to the dev boot loader
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Give me an IM if you want. I may be able to help fix your recovery mode. (debugging things like that is such a pain on a forum. real-time is much easier)

Boot loop Unresolvable? Hardware problem?

Hey all, new to xda. Hope I'm not asking stupid questions.
My friend gave me a Galaxy S to fix. Model: GT-I9003.
It has a boot loop problem, cycling the Samsung introduction animation (and sound first time round). The recovery mode didn't work to start with - also trapped in a boot loop.
I followed the instructions here (using Odin3 v1.85) and flashed XXKPE. It seemed to all work fine, but the boot loop remained. I booted it into recovery mode and the following error messages appear.
E:failed to mount /data (No such file or directory)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
and under -- Wiping data...
E:format_volume: rfs format failed on /dev/block/mmcblk0p3
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
then
Data wipe failed.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
From my research I believe it's a corrupted internal SD-Card and is fixed via parted? Could anyone go into more detail on how I would do this?
Many thanks.

I am facing a similar problem on my Galaxy SL... Need a solution too... I would appreciate any help...

Data partition has been corrupted, try flashing userdata.rfs with heimdall. A friend of mine had an stock/untouched phone and this happened to it, even with the corrupted partition i was able to boot cyanogenmod, and tried a lot of things, but nothing worked, it was on warranty, so i flashed back the original firmware and he took it to the service center.

If you want to try do this:
Flash bam kernel PDA_BCK_CF-root_universal_beta14fix.tar (http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1355675)
Then from CWM flash cyanogenmod (i used cm7, but you can try with cm9)
after that the phone should boot into cyanogemod and give an error on the notification bar
extract the 6 files off the zip i attached and copy them to /xbin
from terminal emulator or adb shell run this for the 6 files:
Code:
chmod 0755 <file>
then run:
Code:
parted /dev/block/mmcblk0 mkfs ext2
When it asks for the partition number, enter 3
finally reboot, and if it worked you can flash a stock rom again, thats it, good luck

My phone boots up, but there are random reboots. Tried a lot of stock and custom ROMs... Nothing works... Warranty expired last week...

Thanks for your time. I appreciate it.

bruisedcrow said:
Thanks for your time. I appreciate it.
Sorry, I'm very new at this - my first hour doing this kind of thing. Could you explain the procedure in more detail - I would like to learn (make the best of a bad situation).
Am I right to say that the Bam Custom Kernel gives super-root level privileges? Allowing the CWM to fiddle with partions?
I've downloaded the normalboot.img for BCK. How do I flash this to my device? Could you link me to a tutorial?
EDIT: Alternatively could you point me to all the prerequisites I need to properly understand the problem and the methods required to fix it?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I tried that... My phone was booting up...
I have Android SDK on my PC... It includes some tools like ADB.
If your phone is rooted, you can use ADB to do things, like formatting...
Connected my phone. Booted into recovery. From Command Prompt, I went to ADB folder, then typed "adb shell". Then, typed in the parted command, and followed steps. Successfully done...
But the problem continues...
I have found many other users have faced this problem -- http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1736118
I am disappointed. My phone is no longer in warranty... I am too late...

it is possible that using cyanogenmod and S2E (simple2ext) will work as a workaround until you send it to service center.
grab a copy of s2e and push it to /system/app/
Repartition your External-SD using the same method used for phones with low storage capacity, warning: it will erase all the data in it, so make backups
Start s2e and mark to move:
App and Private app
Applications data
Dalvik and download cache
This makes another partition, and it does not fix data, but at least you should be able to install apps.

I face this problem too. Please someone give us the solution.

Update: I flashed BAM Custom Kernel and put it in recovery mode. Attached it to the computer, but I'm stuck at this error message.
Thanks again.

More information
EDIT: There doesn't seem to be a /data partition at all! I feel I'm getting closer to fixing this.

There are 2 storages chips on this phone, one is mmc and the other is onenand.
I think the mmc chip is dead... it contains both /data and internal-SD, the onenand still works, it contains (system cache and dbdata), you can still use the phone with cyanogenmod if you mount everything that should go on /data on a partition in the external-SD, (the method i described with s2e). However there are some drawbacks, the SD needs to be class 6 or above to maintain the system speed, and the life of the sd is going to be reduced because of the more intensive use.

alfrix said:
There are 2 storages chips on this phone, one is mmc and the other is onenand.
I think the mmc chip is dead... it contains both /data and internal-SD, the onenand still works, it contains (system cache and dbdata), you can still use the phone with cyanogenmod if you mount everything that should go on /data on a partition in the external-SD, (the method i described with s2e). However there are some drawbacks, the SD needs to be class 6 or above to maintain the system speed, and the life of the sd is going to be reduced because of the more intensive use.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks. Is there a way to replace the mmc chip without sending it to Samsung?
I've flashed XXFPE then Bam Custom Kernel then when I try install cm7 from CWM it gives:
Checking state of RFS/EXT4...
assert failed: run_program("/tmp/updater.sh") == 0
E: Error in /emmc/update-cm-7.1.0-GalaxySL-Kang-singed.zip
(Status 7)
Installation aborted.
Trying with MIUI instead.
EDIT: MIUI does this too.
How do I get around this? Can't I flash cm7 via Odin like the stock roms?

bruisedcrow said:
Thanks. Is there a way to replace the mmc chip without sending it to Samsung?
I've flashed XXFPE then Bam Custom Kernel then when I try install cm7 from CWM it gives:
Checking state of RFS/EXT4...
assert failed: run_program("/tmp/updater.sh") == 0
E: Error in /emmc/update-cm-7.1.0-GalaxySL-Kang-singed.zip
(Status 7)
Installation aborted.
Trying with MIUI instead.
EDIT: MIUI does this too.
How do I get around this? Can't I flash cm7 via Odin like the stock roms?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I think that the problem is when /tmp/updater.sh tries to mount /emmc your internal memory (EDIT: I've just noticed you tried with CM7, so, if I remember correctly, /emmc is the external memory, but I think that the problem is always the impossibility to mount the internal memory.) to backup your /efs directory. Because of the not avaible internal memory (/emmc) it simply exits and aborts the installation.
A simple change in updater.sh will allow you to install CyanogenMod, but wait for a confirmation from alfrix, maybe there's something more.
Anyway here there's a thread of a user with the same problem, he solved this by using the external SD as internal SD, as alfrix suggested.

strange, before touching anything try with the release i used that time (14.12.2011), if it doesn't work, then edit the updater.sh and remove
Code:
if ! /tmp/busybox mount -t ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p3 /data ; then
/tmp/busybox umount /data
/tmp/make_ext4fs -b 4096 -g 32768 -i 8192 -I 256 -a /data /dev/block/mmcblk0p3
fi
EDIT: is there any mmcblk on /dev/block?
Code:
ls /dev/block/

Weird the has mmcblk0 reappeared.
Code:
~ # ls /dev/block
ls /dev/block
bml0!c bml6 loop6 ram13 ram9 stl6 tfsr2
bml1 bml7 loop7 ram14 stl1 stl7 tfsr3
bml10 bml8 mmcblk0 ram15 stl10 stl8 tfsr4
bml11 bml9 mmcblk0p1 ram2 stl11 stl9 tfsr5
bml12 loop0 platform ram3 stl12 tfsr0!c tfsr6
bml13 loop1 ram0 ram4 stl13 tfsr1 tfsr7
bml2 loop2 ram1 ram5 stl2 tfsr10 tfsr8
bml3 loop3 ram10 ram6 stl3 tfsr11 tfsr9
bml4 loop4 ram11 ram7 stl4 tfsr12
bml5 loop5 ram12 ram8 stl5 tfsr13
So I tried
Code:
C:\Users\Bruised>adb shell
~ # /sbin/parted /dev/block/mmcblk0 mkfs ext2
/sbin/parted /dev/block/mmcblk0 mkfs ext2
Warning: The existing file system will be destroyed and all data on the
partition will be lost. Do you want to continue?
/sbin/parted: invalid token: ext2
Yes/No? y
y
y
Partition number? 3
3
3
Error: Partition doesn't exist.
~ #

That mmcblk is you externalSD its 0 because the internal is missing/broken and it has only 1 partition, because you didn't do the Repartition yet.
Sent from my GT-I9003 using xda app-developers app

alfrix said:
That mmcblk is you externalSD its 0 because the internal is missing/broken and it has only 1 partition, because you didn't do the Repartition yet.
Sent from my GT-I9003 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What should I try next? 14.12.2011 download link is down.

try with this:
https://dl.dropbox.com/u/5013311/test_for_broken_mmc_cm-9-20120626-UNOFFICIAL-galaxysl.zip

alfrix said:
try with this:
https://dl.dropbox.com/u/5013311/test_for_broken_mmc_cm-9-20120626-UNOFFICIAL-galaxysl.zip
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It installs it.
Code:
Checking state of RFS/EXT4...
Install from sdcard complete.
After I reboot CM9 boot screen loads then I get "Encryption unsuccessful" as shown here
After rebooting I get
Code:
CWM-based Recovery v5.5.0.4
Formatting /data...
E:format_volume: make_extf4fs failed on /dev/block/mmcblk0p3
Formatting /cache...
Data wipe failed.
Heres the log file from the sdcard:
Code:
+ /tmp/busybox test -e /sdcard/backup/efs/nv_data.bin
+ /tmp/busybox mount -t ext4 /dev/block/stl9 /system
+ /tmp/busybox mount -t ext4 /dev/block/stl10 /dbdata
+ /tmp/busybox mount -t ext4 /dev/block/stl11 /cache
+ /tmp/busybox umount -l /system
+ /tmp/busybox umount -l /cache
+ /tmp/busybox umount -l /data
umount: can't forcibly umount /data: Invalid argument
+ /tmp/busybox umount -l /dbdata
+ /tmp/busybox umount -l /efs
umount: can't forcibly umount /efs: Invalid argument
+ exit 0

[Completed] [Q] "E:Can't mount /cache" - ?enabling adb? - i9100

Hi
I've cm-11-20150607-NIGHTLY-i9100 on my Samsung Galaxy SII i9100
It has gapps-kk-20140105-signed (as far as I remember).
I do have cwm 6.0.5.1
Two days ago, there was some update (haven't seen what exactly).
Now, while booting the phone hangs on the boot screen.
When I lunch into cwm-recovery I do see:
CWM-based Revocery v6.0.5.1
E:Can't mount /cache/recovery/command
E:Can't mount /cache/recovery/log
E:Can't open/cache/recovery/log
E:Can't mount /cache/recovery/last_log
E:Can't open/cache/recovery/last_log
The show log says:
mount: mounting /dev/block/mmcblk0p7 on /cache failed: Invalid argument
W: failed to mount /dev/block/mmcblk0p7 (File exist)
E:Can't mount /cache/recovery/log
(and more like this)
...
I do have MTP enabled, and debugging USB disabled- this is a big problem since i can not access adb...
I would like to backup data, but how can I enable adb from cwm?
I did try to wipe dalvik (I think it did work) /format cache - It does not work - it hangs.
I did try to "reboot to receovery (or reboot to bootloader): from the cwm- it hangs
I did try to mount /storage/sdcard0 - it hangs
I did try to create a backup from phone memory to scracd1 - it hangs
I can boot into fastboot.
It looks like some error on partition, or problem with internal phone memory.
Anything that try to access internal sdcard0 hangs
How can I backup the phone (or at lest photo - not all were synced yet).
What would be the next step?
Any idea howto enable USB debugging?
I've seen this tutorial
(can add a link so google "enable usb debbuging through clockworkmod with adb")
but it is for the Nexus, not for the i9100...
I do have Ubuntu, with
adb version 1.0.31
I can switch to Windows if it would help...

Ok,
For the moment, I made the wrong assumption.
I can access adb.
The solution was to install latest android SDK (cm11 is some like Android 4.4.4) to get newest adb
(developer.android com/sdk/installing/index.html?pkg=studio )
To be clear, if you're having this same issue the problem is probably an out-of-date SDK. As of 4.2.2 there is a security feature that requires you to confirm the RSA fingerprint of the connecting device. Open the SDK manager and update the tools! Then reboot. - quote from stackoverflow com/questions/14993855/android-adb-device-offline-cant-issue-command
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
stackoverflow com/questions/14993855/android-adb-device-offline-cant-issue-commands
and
having Enabled ADB Integration via Tools > Android > Enable ADB Integration
stackoverflow com/questions/26079838/android-studio-adb-error-device-unauthorized-please-check-the-confirmat

Now I can access
adb shell (while booting into cwm recovery - Power+volUp+Home)
Code:
# parted /dev/block/mmcblk0 print
Model: MMC VYL00M (sd/mmc)
Disk /dev/block/mmcblk0: 15.8GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 4194kB 25.2MB 21.0MB EFS
2 25.2MB 26.5MB 1311kB SBL1
3 27.3MB 28.6MB 1311kB SBL2
4 29.4MB 37.7MB 8389kB PARAM
5 37.7MB 46.1MB 8389kB KERNEL
6 46.1MB 54.5MB 8389kB RECOVERY
7 54.5MB 159MB 105MB CACHE
8 159MB 176MB 16.8MB MODEM
9 176MB 713MB 537MB FACTORYFS
10 713MB 2861MB 2147MB DATAFS
11 2861MB 15.2GB 12.4GB UMS
12 15.2GB 15.8GB 537MB ext4 HIDDEN
~ # cat /etc/fstab
/dev/block/mmcblk0p7 /cache ext4 rw
/dev/block/mmcblk0p10 /data ext4 rw
/dev/block/mmcblk0p9 /system ext4 rw
~ # mount -o ro -t ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p10 /data
mount: mounting /dev/block/mmcblk0p10 on /data failed: Invalid argument
The problem is - I can not backup the data nor mount the /data partition

Sir,
This forum is for helping new users to help members navigate the site, not for support.
I see you've found your device section and already know how things work on XDA.
So please note the sticky from the top of the Assist section and ask directly in this thread for I9100:
[Q&A][SGS2][Newbies][Experienced Users][RCs] New members friendly Q&A thread
Good luck

In CWM i am with E:Can't Moun (...), but...

but, in /etc/ there has two files i think are in conflict:
the first is fstab:
Code:
/dev/block/mtd/by-name/cache /cache ext4 rw
/dev/block/mtd/by-name/userdata /data ext4 rw
/dev/block/mtd/by-name/system /system ext4 rw
/dev/block/mtd/by-name/user /sdcard vfat rw
/dev/block/mmcblk0p2 /sd-ext auto rw
/dev/block/mmcblk0p1 /external_sd vfat rw
second is recovery.fstab:
Code:
/boot mtd boot
/cache ext4 /dev/block/mtd/by-name/cache
/data ext4 /dev/block/mtd/by-name/userdata
/kernel mtd kernel
/misc mtd misc
/recovery mtd recovery
/sdcard vfat /dev/block/mtd/by-name/user lun=/sys/class/android_usb/android0/f_mass_storage/lun/file
/external_sd vfat /dev/block/mmcblk0p1 /dev/block/mmcblk0 lun=/sys/class/android_usb/android0/f_mass_storage/lun1/file
/sd-ext auto /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
/system ext4 /dev/block/mtd/by-name/system
so, if there is 2 files that would to mount the paths, one of them are blocking other.
i say this cause i think "recovery.fstab" is the correct to mount in recovery mode.
but in this recovery mode isn't! /etc/fstab is mounting!
see like this.
i am in CWM and there a log in bottom with:
Code:
CWM-based Recovery modified by androtab.info v6.0.3.1
E:Can't find misc
E:Can't mount /cache/recovery/command
E:Can't find misc
E:Can't mount /cache/recovery/log
E:Can't open /cache/recovery/log
E:Can't mount /cache/recovery/last_log
E:Can't open /cache/recovery/last_log
E:Can't find misc
and when i go to install zip from sdcard>choose zip from sdcard(internal storage, not is the removable sdcard):
E:Can't mount /sdcard/
but external sdcard (removable) it mount and open!
and when i go to mount /sdcard, or /cache, /data, /sd-ext, /system, it says: Error mounting /cache!, Error mounting /data!...
i don't know what can i do, cause, even sdcard can mount, /system cannot, and install a custom ROM cannot be done, even not backup the actual rom!
to finish, i say that i think is a conflict cause in ADB i go to mount /mnt (that is the path of sdcard, external_sd (...)) and it return:
mount: can't find /mnt in /etc/fstab
but if i am in recovery mode i would be in /etc/recovery.fstab
can someone help me?
my device is a DL 3003 (RK30x) is a brazilian product. and sorry for my bad english!

TWRP cannot mount /data; nothing 'sticking' using fastboot

Hi all,
hoping on the off-chance someone's still monitoring the Nexus 5 forums here
So decided to dust off the old Nexus 5 (now with extra COVID-19 time on my hands!) to use as a backup device, but having serious issues getting it up and running. I had it rooted years ago, and had no issues installing custom roms.
Now I'm having the following situation:
I cannot flash the factory image using fastboot, nor anything is 'sticking' to the phone when I try to re-flash individual component for the factory image. I've also tried to flash TWRP, but again, it doesn't stick and the only way i can boot into TWRP is by using
Code:
fastboot boot recovery.img
.
However in recovery, the data partition is not mounting and all the tutorials/guides I read about fixing it aren't working (e.g. repairing the partition-- get a 'unable to repair data' error; changing from EX4 to EX2 and back-- get 'failed to mount '/data' error).
Ran the following command in the terminal window in TWRP
Code:
cat /etc/fstab
and got the following output:
Code:
/dev/block/mmcblk0p25 /system ext4 rw 0 0
/dev/block/dm-0 /data ext4 rw 0 0
/dev/block/mmcblk0p27 /cache ext4 rw 0 0
/dev/block/mmcblk016 /persist ext 4 rw 0 0
/dev/block/mmcblk0p1 /firmware vfat rw 0 0
/usb-otg vfat rw 0 0
tried using the make_ext4fs command, but again- nothing happens.
Using TWRP 3.3.1-0 by the way
Any ideas? is the phone completely bricked? it's stuck in a bootloop where the google colours come up but freeze within half a second, repeat and continue.
Any advice would be very much appreciated!