Stuck on Google startup screen - Nexus S Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting

New to xda, so I'll just let you in everything in the last 2 hours. I flashed Bugless Beast (2002-06-09), wiping cache and dalvik cache and it ran fine. Then I installed the Matr1x bfs v22.5 from bootloader and rebooted once more. After that, it stayed on the Google screen until I removed the battery. So far the only possible solution that I've looked into is this thread called [HOW TO] Return to Stock Using Odin (VZW and GSM) -- you can google the link to see what I'm talking about. I can't seem to get the process to succeed. The attempts always end up as successful: 0 failed: 0 I tried using both the VZW from the first link given and the GSM: CF_ODIN_YAKJU_IMM76D_full for the PDA button on Odin. Nothing comes up on Odin when I mount the phone to the PC so I'm not sure if I'm even connecting, although I was able to connect the phone to the PC early today to transfer files. Could I be using incorrect files to start Odin? Am I connecting to Odin? Are there any other possibilities besides using Odin to return this phone to normal?
I was running early versions of Bugless Beast and Matr1x before flashing the new versions. Please, I need to get this phone fixed before this weekend. Thanks, in advance.

itsTnTg said:
New to xda, so I'll just let you in everything in the last 2 hours. I flashed Bugless Beast (2002-06-09), wiping cache and dalvik cache and it ran fine. Then I installed the Matr1x bfs v22.5 from bootloader and rebooted once more. After that, it stayed on the Google screen until I removed the battery. So far the only possible solution that I've looked into is this thread called [HOW TO] Return to Stock Using Odin (VZW and GSM) -- you can google the link to see what I'm talking about. I can't seem to get the process to succeed. The attempts always end up as successful: 0 failed: 0 I tried using both the VZW from the first link given and the GSM: CF_ODIN_YAKJU_IMM76D_full for the PDA button on Odin. Nothing comes up on Odin when I mount the phone to the PC so I'm not sure if I'm even connecting, although I was able to connect the phone to the PC early today to transfer files. Could I be using incorrect files to start Odin? Am I connecting to Odin? Are there any other possibilities besides using Odin to return this phone to normal?
I was running early versions of Bugless Beast and Matr1x before flashing the new versions. Please, I need to get this phone fixed before this weekend. Thanks, in advance.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you flash jelly bean kernel on ICS rom !(v.22.5 and higher are Jelly Bean, v.22.0 and lower are ICS)
you can boot on recovery ?

like leap said you flashed a JB kernel on a ICS ROM. Just download Matr1x v20 and flash it from the CWM recovery, it should boot right away. If not just go in CWM wipe factory reset and reflash Bugless Beast, or any other ROM, and the proper kernel (Matrix v20 for ICS, 20.5 for JB). Don't mess with Odin if you don't have experience or flash a wrong ROM stock into your Nexus, unless you want a nice paperweight.

Thanks
leap_ahead said:
you flash jelly bean kernel on ICS rom !(v.22.5 and higher are Jelly Bean, v.22.0 and lower are ICS)
you can boot on recovery ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Wow, thanks! I run v. 22.0 and it works fine now.. I feel embarrassed of how simple it is to fix it.

Thanks
DeuXGod said:
like leap said you flashed a JB kernel on a ICS ROM. Just download Matr1x v20 and flash it from the CWM recovery, it should boot right away. If not just go in CWM wipe factory reset and reflash Bugless Beast, or any other ROM, and the proper kernel (Matrix v20 for ICS, 20.5 for JB). Don't mess with Odin if you don't have experience or flash a wrong ROM stock into your Nexus, unless you want a nice paperweight.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks for the instructions! You saved me like a whole day of trying to fix this phone.

Related

Can't complete new (stock) firmware upgrade

Is any one having a problem with downloading the new firmware using kies mini?
I am able to download all the binaries, my computer goes to the install progress screen, and my phone goes to download, but there is never any progress on the install screen, and after 5 minutes or so, Kies states that the download fails. I also tried the emergency firmware recovery. It does the same thing.
Everything is stock and locked.
Sent from my AT100 using xda premium
After I flashed the KD1 Deodexed ROM the upgrade worked great! Here's the link:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1063696
Get to stock KD1 first then try again.
I'm seeing the same thing, and I am running stock KD1, other than the fact that it is rooted and has CWM recovery.
Ideas?
Mine bootlooped after the upgrade, and I tried to flash stock kd1 3 times and I finally had to wipe user data and cache before it finally took and then I was able to update via kies
In CWM do a factory reset, wipe cache, wipe Dalvik in advanced menu, and Go into the voodoo menu > Disable lagfix and /system lagfix off. Reboot and let linda deconvert the file system. Save any personal files off your SSD card and format it. Then try the update again.
kmandel said:
I'm seeing the same thing, and I am running stock KD1, other than the fact that it is rooted and has CWM recovery.
Ideas?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
D12005 said:
Mine bootlooped after the upgrade, and I tried to flash stock kd1 3 times and I finally had to wipe user data and cache before it finally took and then I was able to update via kies
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
How do you delete data and cache? Does this mean all the apps that remember some state will lose it?
Specifically, after the binary download completes I get the error screen from Kies immediately and then a second or 2 later the download screen comes up on the phone, and it stays there until I reboot.
you wipe it in recovery, and you will lose everything but whats on your sd card. pretty much it will be like new state.
I went through the same process and it almost hard brick my phone, it wouldn't turn on or anything for 10 minutes. I had to downgrade to stock KB5 then upgrade using Kies.
This is the rom I flash with prior to upgrading through Kies.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=978836&highlight=stock
Success
I was also having issues upgrading ith Kies. I was hoping to find a stock KJ6 and flash with ODIN and I did on Piratebay, with instuctions on how to flash and root with Odin.
I have successfully upgraded to GB. Coming from Stock Froyo, rooted.
Having the SGS 4G upgraded to GB is an amazing experience.
Performance increased dramatically, Battery life is ridiculously better (26 hrs unplugged with auto sync on, and battery stats actually work now) lots of polish to TW, but I don't think its 4.0
Heres the link to the torrent. For anyone having issue, this is a great solution.
thepiratebay.org/torrent/6814104/Samsung_Galaxy_S_4G_Gingerbread_2.3.6_[KJ6]_Update_and_Root
I'm looking forward to custom ROM! Thanks XDA Members!
Piratebay link blah... Don't flash stock, unless you really like not having a rooted phone. If you want the new official GB, I recomend flashing http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1351783 or http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1323973 both of which are based on the new GB release.
If you can't get Kies Mini to work, you can always flash the update manually with Odin.
Here is the official update that can be flashed with Odin (you do have to extract first, so you'll need WinRar or 7-zip)
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1353176
This is assuming you are familiar with Odin... If not, here is a guide, or repost with questions. Good luck!
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1001759

Infuse Loops at Recovery after RemICS flashed.

____________________________________Solved, thanks for all who offered help.___________________________________
Hi All, I have just flashed the RemICS ROM 1.3 and i have followed the set of directions for Gingerbread users, which I previously was. The installation had been successful until I did the final Reboot, where it loops back into the Recovery mode even after numerous of re-flash and reboots. I'm pretty sure the ROM is installed, yet it would not load into the OS, thoughts? Thanks everyone in Advance.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1613523 I had the option C installed initially, for everyone's info.
________________________________________________Solution________________________________________________
Finally got my ICS working now. Can't thank you enough for qkster Heimdall One Click Gingerbread ROM.
For everyone's reference, the following is what I've done;
1) Flashed the Heimdall One Click GB Stock rom, a big thanks to qkster,
2) Flashed the CWM Recovery just under the same thread,
3) Flashed the RemICS rom with factory wipe and formatting data, system and cache, again after reboot.
4) >Bootlooped at the SAMSUNG screen,
5) Followed the solution of bootlooping under the RemICS thread and flashed Heimdall GB Stock again,
6) Flashed Clockworkmod again,
7) Installed RemICS rom again (Step 3) & WORKING LIKE A CHARM NOW!
I suspect my initial problem was caused by internal conflicts between the Rooted ROM and ICS, yet it is not evident nor I'm experienced to make such conclusion. Anyway, glad that my Infuse is finally able to run on Ice Cream Sandwich and I really dont care about what had caused the problem prior.
Big Thanks to rkkaranrk and qkster.
Post sent to dev thread of this ROM, just hang tough, tell the storm troopers arrive....
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I717 using Tapatalk 2
Do u have the GB boot loaders ? If not flash them......will solve ur problem.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using Tapatalk 2
rkkaranrk said:
Do u have the GB boot loaders ? If not flash them......will solve ur problem.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Gb bootloaders would not cause this problem...it only causes rainbow...I've had this happen to me countless times when I was porting Roms back when I had an infuse...I just came to the conclusion the the ics recovery is buggy and is borked easily
The fix, flash back to stock via heimdal or Odin, then get cwm recovery and flash the Rom using gingerbread instructions (double flash) (unless you flash the ics kernel...in that case one flash)
If you want detailed instructions on flashing or getting gb bootloaders (in case you have rainbow recovery) then check out my infinitum port thread (in my signature) at the bottem of the OP you will find some good instructions...I wouldn't reccomend flashing it though as it is old and doesn't have the latest fixes...but the flashing instructions are still good
Sent from my HTC PH39100 using Tapatalk 2
I had faced this same issue last night when I was trying to flash REM ics on my friends phone and it don't have the GB boot loaders I tried to flash the recovery from the OP and after flashing recvery I was not able to RAF anything the fonts were so tiny and were in pink color.
After all this I flashed it back to lb3 thanks to Scott and from there I flashed it again and this time lost recovery was not able get the phone to recovery, So finally I decided to flash the GB BL with heimdall (thanks to qkster) flashed stock one more time with BL ticked and the REM ICS, All good.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using Tapatalk 2
rkkaranrk said:
I had faced this same issue last night when I was trying to flash REM ics on my friends phone and it don't have the GB boot loaders I tried to flash the recovery from the OP and after flashing recvery I was not able to RAF anything the fonts were so tiny and were in pink color.
After all this I flashed it back to lb3 thanks to Scott and from there I flashed it again and this time lost recovery was not able get the phone to recovery, So finally I decided to flash the GB BL with heimdall (thanks to qkster) flashed stock one more time with BL ticked and the REM ICS, All good.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The bootloaders fixed the rainbow recovery, what fixed your whole problem was that you flashed stock...so you pretty much killed two birds with one stone, you fixed your rainbows and you fixed your soft brick...
The pink recovery you referred to is known as rainbow recovery
Sent from my HTC PH39100 using Tapatalk 2
Mate u missed the part i said i flashed stock twice first time with out the BL and then with the BL, When i flashed stock without the BL and from there when i flashed REM i lost recovery so and flashed again with the BL this solved.
I had read all aver that BL does not mess with flashing only gives u messed recovery on ICS and rainbow boot but i don't know how this worked for my friends phone.
Edit: i know how rainbow recovery looks like but the fonts are still in blue color but in this case the blue fonts were pink in color and were too small if the normal size of the font say 10 then the size in this recovery was like 2/3.
rkkaranrk said:
I had faced this same issue last night when I was trying to flash REM ics on my friends phone and it don't have the GB boot loaders I tried to flash the recovery from the OP and after flashing recvery I was not able to RAF anything the fonts were so tiny and were in pink color.
After all this I flashed it back to lb3 thanks to Scott and from there I flashed it again and this time lost recovery was not able get the phone to recovery, So finally I decided to flash the GB BL with heimdall (thanks to qkster) flashed stock one more time with BL ticked and the REM ICS, All good.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes i have flashed the original stock gingerbread (the one listed in the OP) back onto my infuse last night. The phone is working flawlessly at this moment under the stock GB.
And the ICS Rom was flashed twice everything worked, cache cleared, factory reset, no rainbow, and the only problem was recovery looping. Im considering reflashing the rem ICS rom sometime soon but i doubt I'd see any difference, any chance i can get ICS working? Thanks for all the above replies
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I997 using xda app-developers app
There is no reason for it not to work if done properly u will boot in to a new world.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using Tapatalk 2
RemICS kernal question
I am currently using version 1.3 on my infuse. I have noticed that the past couple of days that the phone seems to be slowing down and doing soft reboots every once in awhile. I have gone through and deleted a bunch of apps and moved some to my sdcard and it has gotten faster, however I still have some slow downs and reboots, especially when coming back to the homescreen after exiting an app (It seems to take a few seconds to redraw the homescreen) or if an app locks up. I also have RemICS version 1.3.1 on my Captivate and it has a different kernel (Devil Kernel). I was wondering if there was a version of this kernel that would work with the Infuse as my Captivate seems to be rock-steady and fast. I have not overclocked or messed with the memory settings on the Infuse, but I have noticed that no matter what Rom I use on it (even stock Gingerbread loaded by ATT repair center), it seems to slow down and mess up over time. RemICS so far has seemed to last the longest and I would like to keep it going smoothly. Any suggestions would be extremely helpful. Thanks!
Chris Veverka
[email protected]
cx831 said:
Hi All, I have just flashed the RemICS ROM 1.3 and i have followed the set of directions for Gingerbread users, which I previously was. The installation had been successful until I did the final Reboot, where it loops back into the Recovery mode even after numerous of re-flash and reboots. I'm pretty sure the ROM is installed, yet it would not load into the OS, thoughts? Thanks everyone in Advance.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1613523 I had the option C installed initially, for everyone's info.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
yes it happens with me when i flash ics over gb and after every thing phone just struck up in blue recovery it happens coz some previous system files sometimes not completely deleted, dont worry just do following as what i do.
search and download infuse toolkit v1.10 and when u got in bootloop in cwm just flash this toolkit from cwm and follow the instructions till option full wipe or complete wipe after that it will again boot up in cwm recovery now wipe cach system and again install ur rom.
cx831 said:
Yes i have flashed the original stock gingerbread (the one listed in the OP) back onto my infuse last night. The phone is working flawlessly at this moment under the stock GB.
And the ICS Rom was flashed twice everything worked, cache cleared, factory reset, no rainbow, and the only problem was recovery looping. Im considering reflashing the rem ICS rom sometime soon but i doubt I'd see any difference, any chance i can get ICS working? Thanks for all the above replies
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I997 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
be positive, you can get ICS running in no time. follow our directions and you shouldnt come up with any complications
1. wipe data, cache, and dalvik
2. flash remICS
3. after reboot you will be stucked at samsung. pull out the battery and place it back in
4. enter recovery with 3 finger combo (vol up & down, and power). release power when samsung appears
5. flash rom again, and reboot
hopefully you should now see your phone booting up into ICS
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1783899
rkkaranrk said:
There is no reason for it not to work if done properly u will boot in to a new world.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
babamanan said:
yes it happens with me when i flash ics over gb and after every thing phone just struck up in blue recovery it happens coz some previous system files sometimes not completely deleted, dont worry just do following as what i do.
search and download infuse toolkit v1.10 and when u got in bootloop in cwm just flash this toolkit from cwm and follow the instructions till option full wipe or complete wipe after that it will again boot up in cwm recovery now wipe cach system and again install ur rom.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks for the tip and I have made 3 more attempts today, which all failed. I have returned to the stock rooted GB as mentioned at the initial thread each time to return to a working OS. I have recorded my last attempt of the day throughout the duration, including the method you have mentioned. I'll list what I have done in short below;
youtube.com/watch?v=RGCEkRVlHog (Unable to embed links, my apologies for any inconvenient)
1. Factory Format, Wipe Cache, Wipe Delvik Cache,
2. Flash rom from internal SD,
3. Advance > Reboot Recovery,
4. Flash again after re-enter Recovery,
5. Boot-looped as expected, thus flashed Infuse Toolkit v1.1,
6. Wipe Cache and Complete Wipe,
7. Quit and automatic reboot,
8 -Stuck at Cyanegen Mod Screen, wont enter Recovery Mod again-, no matter what i do. I tried pulling battery out and reboot into recovery, stuck anyhow.
Then I entered Odin and flashed stock GB back and my phone is working fine. Please point out any missing steps or mistakes to the installation. I suppose it's a conflict with the internal SD rather than system error, welcome to any suggestions. Again, thanks for all the replies so far. Anything is appreciated!
ps: I will give other Ice Cream Sandwich ROMs a shot this weekend, hope the above would not occur on the other roms. :/
Don't use the reboot option from recovery and did u tried downloading the ROM file again.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using Tapatalk 2
Sorry for the late update, but no luck for any other ICS roms available for infuse. All ended up the same, blue recovery bootlooped.
I'm wondering if there's any way that I can wipe all the data, including the stuff on internal SD like an ultimate factory reset with only the running ROM left so I can do a clean ICS flash? Thanks all.
cx831 said:
Sorry for the late update, but no luck for any other ICS roms available for infuse. All ended up the same, blue recovery bootlooped.
I'm wondering if there's any way that I can wipe all the data, including the stuff on internal SD like an ultimate factory reset with only the running ROM left so I can do a clean ICS flash? Thanks all.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It is possible that reboot recovery while in cwm got you in this recovery loop.
There may be a misc recovery img created.
You have to delete that misc with a prepare cwm-flashable script.
On the infuse, mounting usb in cwm doesn't work.
If you can get at it in adb, this command may work:
C:\> adb shell erase_image misc
You will have better luck in factory/data reset in cwm.
Put the phone in DL mode.
Odin or Heimdall back to stock with repartition and start over.
This time around, remember not to reboot into recovery while in cwm
I had the OP's exact issue when I upgraded from CM7 to remics last week. I was running froyo bootloaders and LB's CM7 (http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1195525) with whatever kernel came with that (it had blue CWM).
I followed the instructions for "coming from Gingerbread" in the original remics thread (before it was updated this week) and I ran into OP's *exact* problem with looping back into recovery. I got on the #infuse4g IRC and got help from Aerema(sp?) and entropy. I learned some new things and tried everything they suggested (a lot of which I'm reading in this thread)... but none worked for me.
To get to the point, in the end... and I know this doesn't seem to make sense, but what worked for me was using Odin to "return to stock", then flashing the kernel from the remics package and flashing remics.
I had been using qkster's Heimdall OneClick return-to-stock (http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1524081). Heimdall always worked and didn't report any problems. I even used heimdall command line interface when I upgraded from froyo to gb bootloaders.
To this day, I don't understand why using Odin return-to-stock (http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1705260) got me out of the recovery loop.
I *think* my upgrade path went like this.
Starting with CM7Kang/froyo BL
1) download remics1.3.zip, followed instructions exactly & flashed remics1.3.zip from blue CWM.
2) rebooted, ROM worked just fine but had rainbow recovery.
3) attempted qkster's heimdall OneClick GB BL upgrade (update bootloader checkbox). It failed.
4) updated to GB bootloader using heimdall command line (http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=24901128&postcount=3)
5) ** recovery loop ** seemingly tried everything from double-flashing kernel-only using heimdall command line to reverting back to stock (heimdall), format /system, Infuse Toolkit, etc and so on.
6) used ODIN return-to-stock and from there the upgrade went perfectly.
I, too, would like to express my gratitude to bradman117 and everyone else involved in making this ROM available to the general public. I'm really liking it. Nice to have ICS on a > 1 yr old device. Thanks to those who still visit the #infuse4g IRC chan as well.
TL;DR - I had to use the Odin return-to-stock to fix recovery looping, even though Heimdall return-to-stock appeared to be doing everything correctly.
Problem Solved.
qkster said:
It is possible that reboot recovery while in cwm got you in this recovery loop.
There may be a misc recovery img created.
You have to delete that misc with a prepare cwm-flashable script.
On the infuse, mounting usb in cwm doesn't work.
If you can get at it in adb, this command may work:
C:\> adb shell erase_image misc
You will have better luck in factory/data reset in cwm.
Put the phone in DL mode.
Odin or Heimdall back to stock with repartition and start over.
This time around, remember not to reboot into recovery while in cwm
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Finally got my ICS working now. Can't thank you enough for qkster Heimdall One Click Gingerbread ROM:good::good::good:.
For everyone's reference, the following is what I've done;
1) Flashed the Heimdall One Click GB Stock rom, a big thanks to qkster,
2) Flashed the CWM Recovery just under the same thread,
3) Flashed the RemICS rom with factory wipe and formatting data, system and cache, again after reboot.
4) >Bootlooped at the SAMSUNG screen,
5) Followed the solution of bootlooping under the RemICS thread and flashed Heimdall GB Stock again,
6) Flashed Clockworkmod again,
7) Installed RemICS rom again (Step 3) & WORKING LIKE A CHARM NOW!
I suspect my initial problem was caused by internal conflicts between the Rooted ROM and ICS, yet it is not evident nor I'm experienced to make such conclusion. Anyway, glad that my Infuse is finally able to run on Ice Cream Sandwich and I really dont care about what had caused the problem prior.
Big Thanks to rkkaranrk and qkster. :laugh:

Need Help Fixing Someone's Cappy

Ok so yesterday I received a cappy from someone on here that I told them I would try and fix. I am not charging them anything and am actually paying shipping back to them. When I received it and turned it on it was stuck at the end of the cornkernel bootlogo. I thought hey this will be easy and flashed the heimdall version of I897UCKK4 Stock, Wipe, with options to install Bootloaders, Param,and Re-partition-One-Click. Phone rebooted and is now stuck at the att logo. So I flash cornkernel, its stuck at the end of cornkernel bootup. So I decided on a whim to try and flash this kernel Devil3_1.1.3_HB_cappy_CFS_BLN_VC_20120807, luckily that got me into recovery, so I did a full backup of all the stuff on his internal storage and completely wiped the phone, wipe data/factory reset, wipe dalvik cache, format boot, format system, format sdcard, format cache, format data, format datadata (yes I know I wiped some things twice) . Then I flashed my rom, it just reboots to recovery after the flash, still reboots after a reflash of the rom. I then wiped everything again and tried flashing CM9's latest nightly to see if I could get it to boot up. Still reboots to recovery. So far all together I have flashed I897UCJI6-OCD-REV02-Low-designgears, i897uckk4 Odin One Click CONTAINS Bootloaders, Re-partition, Full Wipe, I897UCKF1_withBL,SGH-I897_I897UCKJ3, KK4-SE-One-Click, JF6 With Bootloaders, SamsungCaptivate-SGHi897-UCKB2-Rooted-One-Click Followed By I897UCKK4 Stock, Wipe, with options to install Bootloaders, Param,and Re-partition-One-Click both are heimdall. All of those either left it stuck at att or kernel screen after I flashed a kernel. Anyone got any ideas? I am almost to my wits end.
Try the Odin version of this... Stock KK4 one click...it will do ya a full wipe and repartition for sure.
Sent from my SGH-I897 using xda premium
4-2ndtwin said:
Try the Odin version of this... Stock KK4 one click...it will do ya a full wipe and repartition for sure.
Sent from my SGH-I897 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Already have that is my go to file actually and I tried that before going the heimdall route. Thanks Anyways.
You should try the Rogers stock gingerbread with boot loaders. Worked for me when I was using the AT&T and not getting past recovery...
Sent from my cm_tenderloin using xda premium
-SGA- said:
You should try the Rogers stock gingerbread with boot loaders. Worked for me when I was using the AT&T and not getting past recovery...
Sent from my cm_tenderloin using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks for the idea. It didn't work tho. I am still at the same spot, phone keeps rebooting to recovery.
have to wonder,,has the phone had the EU bug? might try flashing the rom with datadata ( I believe thats it) on the external sd
stayintwisted said:
have to wonder,,has the phone had the EU bug? might try flashing the rom with datadata ( I believe thats it) on the external sd
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Not that I know of, It isn't my phone so I do not know the history other than him saying it didn't boot past the kernel screen and receiving it and seeing that and then what I have done. Normally the sd card data from what I have seen is wiped when the eu bug happens from what I have read, maybe I am wrong, but since I backed up his data off the sdcard that is why I do not believe it has had the eu bug.
Anyone have any more ideas, I tried the EU Bug Instructions @ http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1447303&page=85 Replacing the vold.fstab in the rom and also flashing it with CWM without luck. I am still stuck with it rebooting to recovery. I am still waiting on him to tell me his address again so I can mail it back to him since at this point I am lost. I told him MobileTechVideos would more than likely be his best shot at getting it fixed though.
cbalt said:
Anyone have any more ideas, I tried the EU Bug Instructions @ http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1447303&page=85 Replacing the vold.fstab in the rom and also flashing it with CWM without luck. I am still stuck with it rebooting to recovery. I am still waiting on him to tell me his address again so I can mail it back to him since at this point I am lost. I told him MobileTechVideos would more than likely be his best shot at getting it fixed though.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Long story short, recovery is iffy at best for me. I went through something similar to this when trying to go from CM10 back to CM9 for the first time. Ever since then recovery has not been right.
What I did was
Install a stock one-click with bootloaders, used odin to flash speedmod kernel and then used that recovery to flash CM9 in three successions wiping everything each time. Somehow it took, and now I am no longer a crack flasher because I have the same kernel splash screen problem every time.
So,
Use this http://www.mediafire.com/?5rcofbzusoor6mv
PDA button in Odin3 1.7: http://forum.xda-developers.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=566807&d=1302623831
Boot into recovery.
Flash your ROM
Wipe /system, /data, and dalvik.
reboot recovery.
Flash again.
Wipe /system, /data, and dalvik.
reboot recovery.
Flash again.
Try to boot normally.
Thanks for the idea, but it's a no go, Phone just stops at Galaxy S SGH-I897 Kernel Screen. I can't even get to recovery. Only way I have got to recovery with this phone was flashing an ICS kernel.
There is a place that has rogers stock roms
cbalt said:
Thanks for the idea, but it's a no go, Phone just stops at Galaxy S SGH-I897 Kernel Screen. I can't even get to recovery. Only way I have got to recovery with this phone was flashing an ICS kernel.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
There is a place that has rogers stock Roms the one click Odin's back to 2.2 is my go to for all problems the i can't get to recovery. I know you said you tried rogers stock roms but try the one-clicks for some reason they have always saved me. It will re-install everything and you will be on stock recovery if it works but from there its easy to get CWM and your on your way
sunfirestorm said:
There is a place that has rogers stock Roms the one click Odin's back to 2.2 is my go to for all problems the i can't get to recovery. I know you said you tried rogers stock roms but try the one-clicks for some reason they have always saved me. It will re-install everything and you will be on stock recovery if it works but from there its easy to get CWM and your on your way
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I have already tried all three of the Rogers One Clicks with none of them actually doing anything more than the Captivate One Clicks, It still doesn't boot past the first screen. Thanks for the input though.
You've been using a one click with 2.3.3 bootloaders, they're are 2.3.5 bootloaders available that have solved certain peoples sleepdeath issues, including mine. I've done this procedure on several captivates to take them from mangled and non-bootable to latest bootloaders and working recovery to flash whatever rom I need to from there on.
Use this one click that includes the 2.3.5 bootloaders - http://fohdeesha.com/data/other/android/i897uckk4 with latest BL.zip
After that goes through and you have stock gingerbead, use this odin package to flash the included devil kernel package, that will give you the latest CWM recovery
http://fohdeesha.com/data/other/android/uckk4 CWM recovery.zip
After that, if you still can't boot into recovery, you have a hardware issue
edit: looks like you already did this more or less.......try it once more in this order? Then once you do this and boot into recovery, flash a rom and see if it will work
fohdeesha said:
You've been using a one click with 2.3.3 bootloaders, they're are 2.3.5 bootloaders available that have solved certain peoples sleepdeath issues, including mine. I've done this procedure on several captivates to take them from mangled and non-bootable to latest bootloaders and working recovery to flash whatever rom I need to from there on.
Use this one click that includes the 2.3.5 bootloaders - http://fohdeesha.com/data/other/android/i897uckk4 with latest BL.zip
After that goes through and you have stock gingerbead, use this odin package to flash the included devil kernel package, that will give you the latest CWM recovery
http://fohdeesha.com/data/other/android/uckk4 CWM recovery.zip
After that, if you still can't boot into recovery, you have a hardware issue
edit: looks like you already did this more or less.......try it once more in this order? Then once you do this and boot into recovery, flash a rom and see if it will work
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'm going to do your steps again which is more or less what I have already done. I am waiting to hear back from the person so I can ship him the phone back and he can send it to MTV or someone or just junk it, its his phone and his choice. At this point I would say it needs Jtag or Unbrickable mod + repair. Although I am still trying ideas of mine and anyone elses lol.
EDIT: Still A No Go. Doesn't Boot Past ATT Screen After Flashing The Odin 1 Click, After Flashing Kernel then wiping and flashing rom, it just reboots to recovery
Well if the one clicks are successfully writing primary and secondary bootloaders and it's still not working, a jtag isn't going to do anything else. It almost sounds like the memory has a few corrupt blocks, but I can't say until you flash 2.3.5 BL's and see what happens
---------- Post added at 07:39 PM ---------- Previous post was at 07:37 PM ----------
cbalt said:
EDIT: Still A No Go. Doesn't Boot Past ATT Screen After Flashing The Odin 1 Click, After Flashing Kernel then wiping and flashing rom, it just reboots to recovery
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Oh jeez looks like the memory is failing then

help pls! can i flash clockworkmod recovery files with odin??

ok so long story short i tried to flash my samsung infuse 4g with a rom from this website (ROM][Jellybean] CNA 3.5.0 for Samsung Infuse [PORT] ) i used to have froyo 2.2. all was well and then my phone just stopped working and wouldnt pass boot screen. but i saved my old rom's data with clockworkmod on my sd card. the thing is there are like 5 .tar files and i want to know if i can recover my old rom using odin since i cant even get passed the boot screen??? pls someone help me i'm freaking out, ive been googleing all night and i'm totally burnt out. the files i have are .android_secure.vfat.tar, cache.rfs.tar, data.rfs.tar, efs.rfs.tar, nandroid.md5 and system.rfs.tar...... pls someone show me how to fix my phone
thanks in advance
Don't think you can flash those files, but you should be able to go back to stock.
Sent from my sweet & buttery Infuse
Follow these instructions. I would use the zip that takes you back to stock with root.
Keep one thing in mind.....you CANNOT go from Froyo to JB.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=27286083#post27286083
I keep this thread bookmarked. I have soft bricked my phone so many times, it's not funny!!!
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1700416
Lack of reading/research caused your error :/
Anyways go back to stock with heimdall.or Odin, get red cwm again and you should be able to restore your backups
If you want to go to jb in the future....then you must first follow go to ics, then jb...you have to have ics before you can flash gb
Sent from my HTC PH39100 using Tapatalk 2
thanks again to all the comments, yes this was a big Noob mistake, i guess i was just way to excited to jump on the JB wagon. i have since returned to stock froyo using one of the kernals from this site (Stock_Root-Mod3e-UCKD5_Odin), so this is what i have now... although a little phased i still want to give this a second attemp. the rom i wanted to flash was [ROM][JellyBean] CNA 3.5.0 / Nightly 9/20 for Samsung Infuse [PORT]....
just to get things straight so i don't mess up again, i have to flash froyo with ics (is there a specific ics version i should get? on a how to guide on flashing jb i found this info: Entropy512's CM9 Kernel / Blue CWM Recovery 2012.05.02-ODIN-Entropy-CM9-zImage.rar) can i use this one, i prefer odin b/c i've never used heimdall. then after i flash ics then i can flash to jb.... but reading some threads i saw that....
"Currently on stock Froyo:
1) Use Heimdall or Odin to flash stock UCLB3 (GB)
*Reccomendation: Also flash GB bootloaders. See first post for links and warnings.*
2) Flash Entropy's DD kernel to obtain root and red CWM recovery.
Currently on stock GB:
1) Flash Entropy's DD kernel to obtain root and red CWM recovery."
do i have to do this step or can i go forward with the current Stock_Root-Mod3e-UCKD5_Odin that i now have installed....?
secondly, after i install ics, right before i flash jb it states i have to do an aroma prep....then flash jb.....
all flashes are done with clockworkmod and i wipe only cache and dalvik? or is there anything else i have to wipe?
sorry for all the questions, i have read and researched many threads but they are all pretty overwhelmingly full of lots of info.....just wanna get it in order....
thanks again
from froyo to ics i use odin, from odin to jb i use cwm, correct?
marielacvn said:
thanks again to all the comments, yes this was a big Noob mistake, i guess i was just way to excited to jump on the JB wagon. i have since returned to stock froyo using one of the kernals from this site (Stock_Root-Mod3e-UCKD5_Odin), so this is what i have now... although a little phased i still want to give this a second attemp. the rom i wanted to flash was [ROM][JellyBean] CNA 3.5.0 / Nightly 9/20 for Samsung Infuse [PORT]....
just to get things straight so i don't mess up again, i have to flash froyo with ics (is there a specific ics version i should get? on a how to guide on flashing jb i found this info: Entropy512's CM9 Kernel / Blue CWM Recovery 2012.05.02-ODIN-Entropy-CM9-zImage.rar) can i use this one, i prefer odin b/c i've never used heimdall. then after i flash ics then i can flash to jb.... but reading some threads i saw that....
"Currently on stock Froyo:
1) Use Heimdall or Odin to flash stock UCLB3 (GB)
*Reccomendation: Also flash GB bootloaders. See first post for links and warnings.*
2) Flash Entropy's DD kernel to obtain root and red CWM recovery.
Currently on stock GB:
1) Flash Entropy's DD kernel to obtain root and red CWM recovery."
do i have to do this step or can i go forward with the current Stock_Root-Mod3e-UCKD5_Odin that i now have installed....?
secondly, after i install ics, right before i flash jb it states i have to do an aroma prep....then flash jb.....
all flashes are done with clockworkmod and i wipe only cache and dalvik? or is there anything else i have to wipe?
sorry for all the questions, i have read and researched many threads but they are all pretty overwhelmingly full of lots of info.....just wanna get it in order....
thanks again
from froyo to ics i use odin, from odin to jb i use cwm, correct?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Follow all steps, don't skip a thing. As for wiping, wipe Cache, Data, Dalvik, and format /System when going from GB to ICS and ICS to JB. That UCLB3 file is Gingerbread stock and you have to go to gingerbread before you go to ICS.
Also, if you are confident that your phone won't get disconnected from Odin while flashing the UCLB3 file, flash the GB bootloaders while you're at it. If the flash fails while flashing bootloaders then your device is bricked so be sure about Odin before you flash them.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using xda app-developers app
Since you have already used Odin, I would use option "C". The best thing you can do is read everything two or three times. There are also many vids on YouTube that are helpful.
Once you are on GB.....just pick out any ICS ROM an flash it. Once it installs, I wouldn't even bother sitting it up and then you can go to JB.
Th3Bill uses an Aroma installer in his ROMs and the first time you use it, you will have to flash his aroma-prep first.
Hang in there....go slowly...and read. This gets easier and easier the more you do it. I always just d/l the zips to my phone and never even have to mess with the PC.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1613523
Edit: All of his ROMs for the Infuse can be found and d/l at Jokersax.com
Edit: I just reread your post......once you are on GB, you won't use Odin again. You will use whatever ICS zip to flash your ROM using CWM. Same thing with JB.
Shawn said:
Follow all steps, don't skip a thing. As for wiping, wipe Cache, Data, Dalvik, and format /System when going from GB to ICS and ICS to JB. That UCLB3 file is Gingerbread stock and you have to go to gingerbread before you go to ICS.
Also, if you are confident that your phone won't get disconnected from Odin while flashing the UCLB3 file, flash the GB bootloaders while you're at it. If the flash fails while flashing bootloaders then your device is bricked so be sure about Odin before you flash them.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
okay i think i understand....never has my phone disconnected during a flash with odin, ive always gotten a straight pass...exactly how important are the bootloaders anyways? if failures happen b/c of faulty usb cords, then im good...if bricking happens b/c of "unlucky chance" then id rather avoid it.... either way ill start the whole process tonight after i put the kiddos away so i can concentrate 100%.
thanks again for the tips
dparrothead1 said:
Since you have already used Odin, I would use option "C". The best thing you can do is read everything two or three times. There are also many vids on YouTube that are helpful.
Once you are on GB.....just pick out any ICS ROM an flash it. Once it installs, I wouldn't even bother sitting it up and then you can go to JB.
Th3Bill uses an Aroma installer in his ROMs and the first time you use it, you will have to flash his aroma-prep first.
Hang in there....go slowly...and read. This gets easier and easier the more you do it. I always just d/l the zips to my phone and never even have to mess with the PC.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1613523
Edit: All of his ROMs for the Infuse can be found and d/l at Jokersax.com
Edit: I just reread your post......once you are on GB, you won't use Odin again. You will use whatever ICS zip to flash your ROM using CWM. Same thing with JB.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
okay, ill take ur advice and use option c. froyo to gb using odin and possibly bootloaders, then from gb to ics, ics to jb using cwm
wish me luck!
Bootloaders prevent Rainbow fault I guess you could call it in ICS. You don't have to flash them but its recommended. If you have any problems, post and you'll get help pretty quick.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using xda app-developers app
Shawn said:
Bootloaders prevent Rainbow fault I guess you could call it in ICS. You don't have to flash them but its recommended. If you have any problems, post and you'll get help pretty quick.
Sent from my SGH-I997 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
so far so good, it seems i need to do the gb bootloader after all...got the rainbow screen....i have my gbbootloader file ready to go....only thing is i want to confirm where i put the file, i've searched and i can only find a procedure for heimdall not odin...do i put the md5 file in PDA or bootloaders?? also it says in heimdall to tick bootloaders, do i do the same in odin??? it also says to flash twice....?? ok im really not risking a hard brick, i'll be patient and wait
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1878458
i'll wait for your answer before i proceed....after this i'll continue to flash ics and then jb...
btw, am i supposed to flash ics twice?? that's what the [GUIDE] How To Flash JB says,
"9. Flash ICS Rom, then ICS Gapps"
but when i tried to flash ics a second time i couldn't (because of rainbow screen, and because it didn't show up in my directory....and where does ICS Gapps show up?
thanks again
If you downloaded the bootloaders linked in the guide, then yes, they go on the pda slot. You only have to flash once.
Heimdall-one click is the one you must flash once before it allows you to flash the bootloaders too.
Edit: to fully install ics you must flash twice, because I believe that what it does when coming from GB is that it just flashes the ics kernel on the first flash, requiring you to run it a second time after rebooting for it to install the complete rom.
Ics gapps are often linked in the rom OPs, although you don't need to flash them if you are headed to JB.
Sent from my sweet & buttery Infuse
andros11 said:
If you downloaded the bootloaders linked in the guide, then yes, they go on the pda slot. You only have to flash once.
Heimdall-one click is the one you must flash once before it allows you to flash the bootloaders too.
Sent from my sweet & buttery Infuse
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
That's odd, I flashed GB bootloaders in Odin from a rooted stock GB. But andros is right about going in the PDA slot. Maybe its just me that didn't have to flash with heimdall first.
Sent from my JellyBeaned Infuse, unofficial cm10
Shawn what I meant is that heimdall one-click wont allow you to flash bootloaders the 1st time, so you must run it once and then a 2nd time but with "flash bootloaders" ticked on.
There's no need to use heimdall before flashing them with Odin.
Sent from my sweet & buttery Infuse
Oh, I see what you mean. My mistake.
Sent from my JellyBeaned Infuse, unofficial cm10
Alright guys, I'm officially a jelly beaner!! Thanks again to all who replied and helped me out, couldn't have done it without your help everything seems to we working fine (with the exception of a few apps that aren't compatible, but they weren't that important ) only issue I have now is that I can't use my data plan and surf the web I configured everything just as I had it before according to my carrier and nothing ...... could it have something to do with the change in modem? When I scan for available network operators I get two options one says :NICMS and the other is just a number 71021... any ideas?
Also, when installing jb in the initial setup it asked which would be the defualt location to save I think I chose the sdcard instead of the emmc directory. ..can I change that setting?
I'm pretty sure you can change the setting, but not sure how. Also, your APNs might be messed up. There's a thread with working APNs. One sec and I'll link it.
Edit: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1791526
Sent from my JellyBeaned Infuse, unofficial cm10
Shawn said:
I'm pretty sure you can change the setting, but not sure how. Also, your APNs might be messed up. There's a thread with working APNs. One sec and I'll link it.
Edit: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1791526
Sent from my JellyBeaned Infuse, unofficial cm10
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks for the link Shawn, I looked it over, not sure it could apply since I don't live in the states.. but I'll use it as a start.
marielacvn said:
Thanks for the link Shawn, I looked it over, not sure it could apply since I don't live in the states.. but I'll use it as a start.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It probably won't but you never know.
how is [ROM][JellyBean][4.1.1]Unofficial CM10 - Updated CM10 9/14 Butter - MTD - OC Kernel working out? since ive gotten cna nightly my camera and video are extremly buggy, more than id like...what works and doesnt work in unofficial cm10

[Q] Recovery boot loop

I brought my phone to stock. Installed a rom. Fine. Went back into CWM recovery. Every time I reboot the phone (power button or in recovery) it returns to recovery.
I brought my phone back to stock again. Installed another rom. Went back to TWRP. Again, I can't reboot the system, only return to recovery.
Is there a way to fix this, or can I never use recovery after installing a rom?
{I'm sure this question has probably been asked before, but I've been searching for hours and can't find a fix.)
Did you wipe data & caches? What did you flash and how? Cwm, heimdall or Odin? Sgh-t959v under battery?
Find lumin30's guides. They/he will steer you straight.
Sent from my SGH-T959V using xda app-developers app
t1op said:
I brought my phone to stock. Installed a rom. Fine. Went back into CWM recovery. Every time I reboot the phone (power button or in recovery) it returns to recovery.
I brought my phone back to stock again. Installed another rom. Went back to TWRP. Again, I can't reboot the system, only return to recovery.
Is there a way to fix this, or can I never use recovery after installing a rom?
{I'm sure this question has probably been asked before, but I've been searching for hours and can't find a fix.)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This would occur for me when I had installed an incompatiable kernel with the ROM I am trying to install. I would fix this problem by either looking at the thread for a compatiable kernel if it does not come with one, or if it is an ICS ROM, Team Acid's ICS Kernel works fine. I think Team Acid's ICS kernel is included in their unofficial AOKP release if you have that downloaded. I hoped this help!
WayTooGosu said:
This would occur for me when I had installed an incompatiable kernel with the ROM I am trying to install. I would fix this problem by either looking at the thread for a compatiable kernel if it does not come with one, or if it is an ICS ROM, Team Acid's ICS Kernel works fine. I think Team Acid's ICS kernel is included in their unofficial AOKP release if you have that downloaded. I hoped this help!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
All of our ROM's have kernels. It is the kernel you flash from that makes a difference. And once you flash the ROM, the kernel that is packaged with the ROM replaces the kernel you previously had/flashed from. However, the OP of the ROM's usually specify what you need to do to flash the ROM.
lumin30 said:
All of our ROM's have kernels. It is the kernel you flash from that makes a difference. And once you flash the ROM, the kernel that is packaged with the ROM replaces the kernel you previously had/flashed from. However, the OP of the ROM's usually specify what you need to do to flash the ROM.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ah I see. But my point was that some ROMs state that the user must be on an ICS ROM/Kernel to flash this. I guess I wasn't very clear as I am new here and lack understanding.
champ1919 said:
Did you wipe data & caches? What did you flash and how? Cwm, heimdall or Odin? Sgh-t959v under battery?
Find lumin30's guides. They/he will steer you straight.
Sent from my SGH-T959V using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I used Odin to return to stock. I used Super One Click to root. I used root explorer modify the recovery to allow me to boot into "CWM final for Froyo". That much each and every time.
The first time I installed
[TFQ - 30/12/2012]X.A.O.K[Kanged - Xperia Style]
That is an ICS rom. Installed fine with a new CWM.
The second time I installed the same.
The third time I installed
ROM-MTD-TWRP-ICS-4.x-Audiophile
That is another ICS rom. Installed fine with TWRP.
Each and every time, when returning to recovery to flash more, I got stuck. I can't boot to anything except recovery.
My brother suggested that the problem is using the Volume up and down and power button ("three finger salute") to return to recovery instead of from OS power down menu.
For a fourth time I started over again. Now, using the reboot>recovery, everything works fine.
One thing, you need to have ginger bread bootloaders. So, when you say Odin back to stock, are you referring to kj6?
You could cut down some of the work by using Odin to flash a kernel with recovery & root in it. Antonx & drhonk both have kernels that will do that with odin.
I flash bhundven's cm9 Rom before jumping to any of the others(and wipe between). I believe some of the Rom authors have that in their instructions.
Sent from my SGH-T959V using xda app-developers app
Yeah... GB bootloaders, not Froyo. Your return to stock should be a return to GB stock, not Froyo... and your return to stock can be a return to a rooted stock. If you want to make your life less painful.
It's about MTD to BML, not really about the base version. You just don't want to wipe out what allows later stuff to actually work properly...
Thanks for the advice. I haven't used custom roms very much. Trying to figure out which ones to choose was difficult. I started on stock Gingerbread, but everything I encountered in searching indicated that I needed to go back to Froyo to get CWM then go from there. ...Perhaps I kept running into very old instructions? In any case, should I need to go back to stock again some day, I'll try to figure out which GB roms I could use, including root and custom recovery.
I guess the solution to my problem is: 1) flash back to Froyo or Gingerbread; 2) after flashing an ICS+ rom, only go to recovery from OS reboot menu (never "three finger salute").
I'm actually surprised that people don't run into this problem more often, enough to create a sticky about it. I'm sure I'd still be pulling my hair out if my brother hadn't run into the problem on his Fascinate a year ago.
On mine, the 3 finger boot to recovery works fine. Then again, I haven't been on Froyo since Samsung and TMo said to stop using Froyo back in November (October?) 2011 with the official 2.3.6 update. And the only boot-loops I have, whether recovery is booted through the menu or salute, are when I flash something invalid.
Theraze said:
On mine, the 3 finger boot to recovery works fine. Then again, I haven't been on Froyo since Samsung and TMo said to stop using Froyo back in November (October?) 2011 with the official 2.3.6 update. And the only boot-loops I have, whether recovery is booted through the menu or salute, are when I flash something invalid.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Interesting... Perhaps if I went back to a gingerbread stock then upgraded to ICS the problem wouldn't occur?
I'll have to try that the next time I might need to return to stock.
Hello,
First I just want to say thank you to the mods for running a great forum and to the devs for keeping this device current.
I just struggled over a period of days with this issue.
The end result being, that you need to go to CM9 BEFORE you try JellyBean or later!
Just hope this helps someone else who missed that instruction.
Thanks devs/mods/everyone for keeping this device alive!!!! :good::good::good:
*EDIT* correction... i THINK you need to go CM9 Before trying something else
Not all ICS ROMs require CM9, but you must have at least CWM5 recovery to be able to flash CM9 or these ROMs. Follow ROMs' OP instructions.
I personally tested HebMIUI flash over Stock GB with CWM5 (Basic with a twist kernel) without going through CM9.

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